可供性视角下的交互设计研究
发布时间：2019-05-21 21:26
【摘要】：当前,产品设计领域与人机交互领域前所未有地紧密结合起来,产品和交互设计的理论结构发展迅猛,涉及多学科、多领域知识的交叉研究和应用实践,给传统产品设计领域的设计教育和设计方法实践带来了巨大的冲击和挑战。本文针对人机交互领域基本理论问题展开相关的研究:一方面,用户对产品的知觉与认知在人机交互过程中的基本现象和基本模式是重要的设计研究课题。而作为人机交流和沟通过程中的中介和信息载体,"可供性"概念的提出,对于人机交互设计领域的发展具有重要的理论价值;另一方面,依据不同的切入视角、不同的理论知识背景,使交互设计的方法论在模式和结构上呈现出多样性,研究"可供性"概念的内涵、结构、运作模式,对于我们探寻具有全面性、系统性、创新性的人机交互设计方法具有重要的实践意义。本文针对交互设计的内在要求,分别从生态心理学和认知心理学的理解角度,考察用户与产品之间的信息解码关系与行为触发关系、设计师与产品之间的信息编码关系与行为引导关系。基于文献研究和案例分析并重的方式,利用语言学、心理学、符号学等相关的理论分析框架,试图探索一条以可供性概念作为交互设计线索的路径。着眼于"可供性"概念涉及的交互关系所具有的跨越主观与客观的特殊属性,尝试利用用户无意识行为的现象来服务于交互设计,以寻求一套能够在用户的主观认知和客观知觉两个层面分别建立相应可供性的方法,为有利的无意识的交互行为提供支撑条件,从而达到提升人机交互体验的根本目的。本文在理论和实践上的创新和成果主要体现在以下三个方面:第一,从对"可供性"的多个定义中找到了一条适合交互设计领域的理解和分析思路。通过文献研究与案例分析结合的研究方法,从主观和客观的角度分别对可供性概念触发无意识行为的现象做了系统分析,提出了一条双向理解可供性现象的思路。以此种方式来避免可供性概念在具体设计场合中的滥用与误用。本文将可供性概念分为"基于客观现实条件的可供性"和"基于主观认知的可供性"两个类别,有助于将可供性概念正确地应用于交互设计的实践工作中。第二,通过引入认知心理学方面的理论知识,在直接知觉与间接知觉的观点之间为可供性概念寻找一个平衡点,并根据交互设计的相关理论研究和实践需求,提出了"交互可供性"的新概念,交互可供性不是一个纯粹的理论定义,而是一种为交互过程设计量身定制的交互关系分析框架,它遵循可供性跨越"二元论"的特性,是主观和客观统一的双层交互关系解析模型。用来指代产品客观存在的,对交互行为支持的能力以及对用户在特有的条件下可能产生的特定的交互行为的支持能力和支持程度。第三,基于"交互可供性"概念的定义,本文提出了以"交互可供性"的观点来构建创新的交互设计方法的思路,并将其用于设计案例的实践验证。基于"交互可供性"的视角,文本构建了交互事件中用户基于知觉外部信息触发行为的框架,即"知觉层的交互可供性行为框架"。同时,本文还构建了交互事件中用户在使用意图驱使下,主观认知经验对行为产生影响的概念框架,即"认知层的交互可供性行为框架"。基于对以上两个层次构架的理解,本文提出了设计交互可供性的方法,以帮助设计师灵活地利用客观物理属性以及用户的先在知识来完成对人机交互过程中用户行为的设计和引导,从而设计出使用户体验优越的产品。从"交互可供性"概念中衍生而来的交互设计方法,使设计师能够层次清晰地找到触发用户无意识行为的原因与方式,并利用该规律为交互设计领域的设计师和研究者提供具有可行性的研究方法与设计方法。
[Abstract]:At present, the product design field is closely combined with the human-computer interaction field, and the theoretical structure of the product and the interactive design is developed rapidly, which relates to the cross-research and application practice of the multi-subject and multi-domain knowledge, The design education and design method practice in the traditional product design field have brought great impact and challenge. This paper studies the basic theoretical problems in the field of human-computer interaction: on the one hand, the basic phenomena and basic patterns of the user's perception and cognition in the process of human-computer interaction are important design subjects. As an intermediary and information carrier in the process of man-machine communication and communication, the development of the "chemotaxis" concept has important theoretical value for the development of man-machine interaction design field; on the other hand, according to different cutting-in angle and different theoretical background, The methodology of interactive design presents a variety of patterns and structures, and the connotation, structure and operation mode of the "chemotaxis" concept are studied. It is of great practical significance for us to explore the human-computer interaction design method with comprehensive, systematic and innovative. In the light of the internal requirements of the interactive design, from the perspective of the understanding of the ecological psychology and the cognitive psychology, the relationship between the information decoding relation and the behavior-triggered relationship between the user and the product, the relationship between the designer and the product and the behavior-guiding relationship are examined. Based on the research of literature and case analysis, the paper tries to explore a path with the concept of the availability as the clue of the interactive design by using the relevant theoretical analysis framework of linguistics, psychology and semiotics. In view of the cross-subjective and objective special attributes of the interactive relationship involved in the "chemotaxis" concept, an attempt is made to serve the interactive design with the phenomenon of the user's unconscious behavior, In order to achieve the basic purpose of improving the human-computer interaction experience, a set of methods, which can set up the corresponding equivalence at the two levels of the user's subjective and objective perception, can be used to provide the support condition for the beneficial and unconscious interactive behavior. In this paper, the innovation and achievement in theory and practice are mainly embodied in the following three aspects: first, from the definition of the "chemotaxis", we find a way of understanding and analysis suitable for the field of interactive design. Through the research of the combination of literature and case analysis, a systematic analysis of the phenomenon of the triggering of the unconscious behavior from the subjective and objective angles is made, and a two-way understanding of the phenomenon is put forward. In this way, the abuse and misuse of the concept of equivalence in the specific design is avoided. In this paper, the concept of the availability is divided into two categories: "the availability of objective reality" and "The availability of subjective cognition", and it is helpful to apply the concept of the availability to the practical work of the interactive design. Secondly, by introducing the theoretical knowledge of cognitive psychology, a balance point is found between the view of direct perception and indirect perception, and the new concept of the "interactive smoothness" is put forward according to the relevant theoretical research and practical demand of the interactive design. The interactive equivalence is not a pure theoretical definition, but an interactive relationship analysis framework that is tailored to the design of the interactive process. It follows the characteristics of the "cross dualism", and is a two-layer interactive relationship analysis model that is subjective and objective. The ability to refer to the objective existence of the product, the ability to support the interaction behavior, and the support ability and support degree to the specific interaction behavior that the user may generate under the specific conditions. Thirdly, based on the definition of the concept of interactive design, this paper puts forward the idea of building an innovative interactive design method with the view of "interactive", and it is used in the practice verification of the design case. Based on the "interactive smoothness"-based perspective, the text constructs a framework that the user triggers the behavior based on the perception external information in the interactive event, that is, the "Perceptual layer interaction for sexual behavior framework". At the same time, the paper also constructs the conceptual framework, that is, the "The interaction of the cognitive layer can be used for the sexual behavior framework" that the user's subjective cognitive experience influences the behavior when the user's intention is driven. Based on the understanding of the above two-level architecture, this paper presents a method to design the interactive equivalence to help the designer to use the objective physical attributes and the user's prior knowledge to complete the design and guidance of the user's behavior in the human-computer interaction process. So as to design a product with excellent user experience. The interactive design method derived from the "interactive smoothness" concept enables the designer to clearly find the reason and the way to trigger the user's unconscious behavior, and use the law to provide a feasible research method and design method for designers and researchers in the field of interactive design.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TP11;TB472
，
本文编号：2482410
[Abstract]:At present, the product design field is closely combined with the human-computer interaction field, and the theoretical structure of the product and the interactive design is developed rapidly, which relates to the cross-research and application practice of the multi-subject and multi-domain knowledge, The design education and design method practice in the traditional product design field have brought great impact and challenge. This paper studies the basic theoretical problems in the field of human-computer interaction: on the one hand, the basic phenomena and basic patterns of the user's perception and cognition in the process of human-computer interaction are important design subjects. As an intermediary and information carrier in the process of man-machine communication and communication, the development of the "chemotaxis" concept has important theoretical value for the development of man-machine interaction design field; on the other hand, according to different cutting-in angle and different theoretical background, The methodology of interactive design presents a variety of patterns and structures, and the connotation, structure and operation mode of the "chemotaxis" concept are studied. It is of great practical significance for us to explore the human-computer interaction design method with comprehensive, systematic and innovative. In the light of the internal requirements of the interactive design, from the perspective of the understanding of the ecological psychology and the cognitive psychology, the relationship between the information decoding relation and the behavior-triggered relationship between the user and the product, the relationship between the designer and the product and the behavior-guiding relationship are examined. Based on the research of literature and case analysis, the paper tries to explore a path with the concept of the availability as the clue of the interactive design by using the relevant theoretical analysis framework of linguistics, psychology and semiotics. In view of the cross-subjective and objective special attributes of the interactive relationship involved in the "chemotaxis" concept, an attempt is made to serve the interactive design with the phenomenon of the user's unconscious behavior, In order to achieve the basic purpose of improving the human-computer interaction experience, a set of methods, which can set up the corresponding equivalence at the two levels of the user's subjective and objective perception, can be used to provide the support condition for the beneficial and unconscious interactive behavior. In this paper, the innovation and achievement in theory and practice are mainly embodied in the following three aspects: first, from the definition of the "chemotaxis", we find a way of understanding and analysis suitable for the field of interactive design. Through the research of the combination of literature and case analysis, a systematic analysis of the phenomenon of the triggering of the unconscious behavior from the subjective and objective angles is made, and a two-way understanding of the phenomenon is put forward. In this way, the abuse and misuse of the concept of equivalence in the specific design is avoided. In this paper, the concept of the availability is divided into two categories: "the availability of objective reality" and "The availability of subjective cognition", and it is helpful to apply the concept of the availability to the practical work of the interactive design. Secondly, by introducing the theoretical knowledge of cognitive psychology, a balance point is found between the view of direct perception and indirect perception, and the new concept of the "interactive smoothness" is put forward according to the relevant theoretical research and practical demand of the interactive design. The interactive equivalence is not a pure theoretical definition, but an interactive relationship analysis framework that is tailored to the design of the interactive process. It follows the characteristics of the "cross dualism", and is a two-layer interactive relationship analysis model that is subjective and objective. The ability to refer to the objective existence of the product, the ability to support the interaction behavior, and the support ability and support degree to the specific interaction behavior that the user may generate under the specific conditions. Thirdly, based on the definition of the concept of interactive design, this paper puts forward the idea of building an innovative interactive design method with the view of "interactive", and it is used in the practice verification of the design case. Based on the "interactive smoothness"-based perspective, the text constructs a framework that the user triggers the behavior based on the perception external information in the interactive event, that is, the "Perceptual layer interaction for sexual behavior framework". At the same time, the paper also constructs the conceptual framework, that is, the "The interaction of the cognitive layer can be used for the sexual behavior framework" that the user's subjective cognitive experience influences the behavior when the user's intention is driven. Based on the understanding of the above two-level architecture, this paper presents a method to design the interactive equivalence to help the designer to use the objective physical attributes and the user's prior knowledge to complete the design and guidance of the user's behavior in the human-computer interaction process. So as to design a product with excellent user experience. The interactive design method derived from the "interactive smoothness" concept enables the designer to clearly find the reason and the way to trigger the user's unconscious behavior, and use the law to provide a feasible research method and design method for designers and researchers in the field of interactive design.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TP11;TB472
，
本文编号：2482410
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