链条式薯秧粉碎回收机设计与仿真
发布时间：2018-12-14 04:54
【摘要】：我国的甘薯生产机械化发展水平低,尤其是在耗费人力较多的甘薯杀秧环节,机械化水平不高,限制了农民生产积极性。因此,推行机械化杀秧已成为必然趋势。本课题针对甘薯秧蔓生长特性和甘薯成熟期秧蔓的特点,探索性的研制了一种链条式甘薯秧蔓粉碎回收机,以期减少留茬高度和伤薯率、提高作业流畅性和适应性、降低薯秧回收机功耗,避免薯秧粉碎还田带来的危害,为秧蔓回收机的结构设计提供新思路。主要研究内容包括:(1)整机结构设计。设计了一种甘薯秧蔓处理机械,能一次性实现秧蔓的切割、输送、粉碎回收作业。整机设计主要包括往切割装置、夹持输送装置、粉碎装置,仿形挑秧装置,动力传动装置。确定了回收机的工作原理和工作过程。(2)统计了成熟期甘薯的生长特性,进行了秧蔓茎秆物理特性试验与分析。通过对薯秧主茎(切割器切割处)的剪切试验得到了该位置的剪切力曲线。试验表明,切断薯秧主茎的剪切力随秧蔓的含水率的减少而增加,含水率越低,秧蔓被切断所需要的剪切力越大,为选择甘薯秧蔓进行粉碎回收作业的合适时间与甘薯处理机的设计和制造提供了理论依据。(3)对关键部件进行了结构设计和参数分析,确定了仿形铲、往复式切割器、夹持输送装置、粉碎机的结构参数和运动参数,得到的各零件参数分别为:仿形铲倾角范围7°-56°;切割装置选用标准Ⅱ型的往复式切割器,切割速度2m/s,切割倾角选择15°;选用夹持输送链条作为整机的夹持输送装置,确定了链条的布置倾角22°,链条速度与机具速度之比K=2-3.1之间;粉碎机选择锤片式粉碎机,得出了影响锤片平衡的两个主要因素:主轴转动角速度ω1和锤片绕销轴的相对转动的角速度ω2。提出了根据机器作业速度,确定往复式切割器、夹持输送链及粉碎机的运动参数的作业方法。(4)利用ADAMS软件,对切割装置进行了运动学和动力学分析,通过虚拟试验,以割刀受到的切割力F为评价指标,以机具速度vg、切割速度vm切割倾角α为影响因素,得到了割刀受到最小切割力时,三参数值分别为:5km/h,2.14m/s,15.18°。(5)对仿形挑秧装置和切割装置进行了性能试验,为零件设计的优化改进提供了参考依据。
[Abstract]:The level of mechanization of sweet potato production in China is low, especially in the stage of killing seedlings of sweet potato, which consumes more manpower, and the level of mechanization is not high, which limits the enthusiasm of farmers in production. Therefore, the implementation of mechanized seedling killing has become an inevitable trend. According to the growth characteristics of sweet potato seedlings and the characteristics of sweet potato seedlings in mature stage, a chain type sweet potato vine crushing and recycling machine was developed in order to reduce the stubble height and the rate of potato injury, and to improve the fluency and adaptability of the operation. To reduce the power consumption of potato seedling collector, to avoid the harm caused by crushing and returning the potato seedling to the field, and to provide a new idea for the structure design of the seedling vine collector. The main research contents are as follows: (1) structural design of the whole machine. A kind of processing machine of sweet potato seedling vine is designed, which can cut, transport and comminute the vine in one-time. The whole machine design mainly includes cutting device, gripping conveying device, crushing device, copying seedling picking device, power transmission device. The working principle and working process of the collector were determined. (2) the growth characteristics of sweet potato in mature period were counted and the physical characteristics of stem of seedling vine were tested and analyzed. The shear stress curve of this position was obtained by shear test on the main stem of potato seedling. The results showed that the shear force of the main stem increased with the decrease of the moisture content of the vine, and the lower the moisture content, the greater the shear force needed for the cutting of the seedling vine. It provides a theoretical basis for selecting the appropriate time for crushing and recovery of sweet potato seedlings and the design and manufacture of sweet potato processor. (3) the structural design and parameter analysis of key components are carried out, and the copying shovel and reciprocating cutter are determined. The structural parameters and motion parameters of the clamping conveyer and the pulverizer are obtained. The parameters of each part are as follows: the angle of copying shovel is 7 掳-56 掳; The standard type 鈪，
本文编号：2377960
[Abstract]:The level of mechanization of sweet potato production in China is low, especially in the stage of killing seedlings of sweet potato, which consumes more manpower, and the level of mechanization is not high, which limits the enthusiasm of farmers in production. Therefore, the implementation of mechanized seedling killing has become an inevitable trend. According to the growth characteristics of sweet potato seedlings and the characteristics of sweet potato seedlings in mature stage, a chain type sweet potato vine crushing and recycling machine was developed in order to reduce the stubble height and the rate of potato injury, and to improve the fluency and adaptability of the operation. To reduce the power consumption of potato seedling collector, to avoid the harm caused by crushing and returning the potato seedling to the field, and to provide a new idea for the structure design of the seedling vine collector. The main research contents are as follows: (1) structural design of the whole machine. A kind of processing machine of sweet potato seedling vine is designed, which can cut, transport and comminute the vine in one-time. The whole machine design mainly includes cutting device, gripping conveying device, crushing device, copying seedling picking device, power transmission device. The working principle and working process of the collector were determined. (2) the growth characteristics of sweet potato in mature period were counted and the physical characteristics of stem of seedling vine were tested and analyzed. The shear stress curve of this position was obtained by shear test on the main stem of potato seedling. The results showed that the shear force of the main stem increased with the decrease of the moisture content of the vine, and the lower the moisture content, the greater the shear force needed for the cutting of the seedling vine. It provides a theoretical basis for selecting the appropriate time for crushing and recovery of sweet potato seedlings and the design and manufacture of sweet potato processor. (3) the structural design and parameter analysis of key components are carried out, and the copying shovel and reciprocating cutter are determined. The structural parameters and motion parameters of the clamping conveyer and the pulverizer are obtained. The parameters of each part are as follows: the angle of copying shovel is 7 掳-56 掳; The standard type 鈪，
本文编号：2377960
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