风铃草属植物的引种栽培及适应性研究
发布时间：2018-12-25 09:34
【摘要】：风铃草属(Campanula)植物隶属于桔梗科(Campanulaceae),花型独特,株型优雅,极具观赏价值。目前国外风铃草属植物的相关研究已十分深入,但在国内风铃草属植物资源并未得到充分开发利用。基于这一问题,本文对北方地区风铃草进行资源调查,引种栽培风铃草,并从引种适应性、种子萌发特性、耐荫性及耐热性等方面进行研究,以期探讨风铃草在北京地区的适应性。主要结果如下:1.在北京地区引种风铃草,对其物候特征、形态特征等进行观测。结果表明,风铃草在北京地区于3月末至4月初返青,花期集中在4月至6月,于12月初进入枯黄期;风铃草多数能够正常生长并开花,表现出较好的适应性。2.对风铃草种子进行不同温度处理,得出风铃草种子在15℃~30℃的温度条件下均可萌发,发芽率从0.67%~97.33%不等,其中平展风铃草(Campanula.patula)、紫斑风铃草(C.punctata)两种的适宜温度范围为15℃~30℃;坎特伯雷风铃草(C.medium)、荨麻叶风铃草(C.trachelium)适宜的恒温温度为25℃;黄花风铃草(C.thyrsoides)的适宜温度范围为15℃~25℃;另风铃草在光照条件下的种子萌发率明显高于无光条件,萌发效果好,表明风铃草种子萌发需要一定的光照。3.通过人为控制光强,对风铃草在全光及90%,75%,50%不同程度遮荫条件下的形态指标及叶绿素含量、光合特性进行研究,表明50%~75%遮荫条件最适宜风铃草生长。叶片光响应曲线表明风铃草具有较低的光补偿点(20~50μmolm-2s-1)与较高的光饱和点(800~1200μmolm-2s-1),为喜阳性植物,具一定耐荫性。综合评价6种风铃草的耐荫性,其由强到弱依次为:荨麻叶风铃草、聚花风铃草(Campanula glomerata subsp.cephalotes)、坎特伯雷风铃草、平展风铃草、黄花风铃草、紫斑风铃草。4.耐热性研究中,通过测定梯度高温下膜透性的变化情况,结合Logistic方程计算风铃草的高温半致死温度,得出6种风铃草的耐热能力及高温半致死温度由强到弱依次为黄花风铃草(60.43℃)坎特伯雷风铃草(57.46℃)紫斑风铃草(56.55℃)荨麻叶风铃草(55.80℃)平展风铃草(54.69℃)聚花风铃草(53.83℃)。总之,通过对风铃草的种子的萌发特性、栽培适应性进行研究,对今后风铃草引种栽培及园林应用提供了参考。
[Abstract]:The genus (Campanula) belongs to the (Campanulaceae), family of Platycodon with unique flower shape, elegant plant type and great ornamental value. At present, the relative research on the genus Echinacea has been deeply studied abroad, but it has not been fully exploited and utilized in our country. Based on this problem, this paper investigated the resources of Acanthophora chinensis in North China, introduced and cultivated it, and studied its adaptability, seed germination, shading tolerance and heat resistance, etc. The purpose of this study was to explore the adaptability of Astragalus chinensis in Beijing area. The main results are as follows: 1. The phenological and morphological characteristics of Acanthopsis chinensis were observed in Beijing area. The results showed that the plants turned green from the end of March to the beginning of April in Beijing, the flowering period was from April to June and entered the yellow period at the beginning of December, and most of them could grow and blossom normally, showing good adaptability. 2. Under different temperature treatment, the seeds can germinate at the temperature of 15 鈩，
本文编号：2391001
[Abstract]:The genus (Campanula) belongs to the (Campanulaceae), family of Platycodon with unique flower shape, elegant plant type and great ornamental value. At present, the relative research on the genus Echinacea has been deeply studied abroad, but it has not been fully exploited and utilized in our country. Based on this problem, this paper investigated the resources of Acanthophora chinensis in North China, introduced and cultivated it, and studied its adaptability, seed germination, shading tolerance and heat resistance, etc. The purpose of this study was to explore the adaptability of Astragalus chinensis in Beijing area. The main results are as follows: 1. The phenological and morphological characteristics of Acanthopsis chinensis were observed in Beijing area. The results showed that the plants turned green from the end of March to the beginning of April in Beijing, the flowering period was from April to June and entered the yellow period at the beginning of December, and most of them could grow and blossom normally, showing good adaptability. 2. Under different temperature treatment, the seeds can germinate at the temperature of 15 鈩，
本文编号：2391001
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