五种不同品系切花百合体细胞胚发生的组织形态学观察

发布时间：2019-03-18 09:53

【摘要】：体细胞胚发生对于百合种球繁育、种质保存、遗传性状改良等具有重要意义。不同种类百合体细胞胚诱导的难易程度存在显著差异。本文以五种不同品系的切花百合无菌苗为试材,进行体细胞胚发生发育的组织形态学观察,旨在明确不同种类百合体细胞胚发生发育的差异,为建立不同品系切花百合的体细胞胚调控技术体系奠定基础。主要研究结果如下:1五种切花百合体细胞胚都经历了内起源和外起源两种方式,但出现内起源和外起源的时间不同。'White heaven'的鳞片在接种到诱导培养基上第7 d出现内起源,在第14 d出现外起源;'Eyeliner'在第6 d出现内起源,在10 d出现外起源;'Triumphator'在第7 d出现内起源,在第10 d出现外起源。以上三种切花百合中均为先出现内起源后出现外起源。'Strawberry and cream'在第7 d出现外起源,第15 d出现内起源;'Double surprise'在第8 d出现外起源,第10 d出现内起源,这两种百合体胚发生则是先出现外起源,再出现内起源。2五种切花百合的胚性细胞开始分化时,在显微镜下均观察到内起源的胚性细胞中有导管组织存在,导管始终伴随胚性细胞,直到体细胞胚与母体细胞产生生理隔离。3五种切花百合体细胞胚的发生有间接途径和直接途径两种方式。其中'Strawberry and cream,、'White heaven'、'Double surprise'以间接途径发生,先形成由细胞核大、质浓、细胞结构紧密的胚性愈伤组织,进而由愈伤组织脱分化形成体细胞胚。'Eyeliner'和'Triumphator'则以直接途径发生,不经愈伤组织阶段,由胚性细胞直接分化形成体胚。4五种切花百合体细胞胚的发育过程都经历了球形胚、心形胚、鱼雷形胚和子叶形胚阶段。5在五种百合的体细胞胚内均观察到有维管束的存在,但其维管组织出现的时间不同。'Strawberry and cream'和'Triumphator'中维管组织出现较早,在球形胚阶段已开始形成,而'White heaven'、'Eyeliner'和'Double surprise'三种百合中维管组织出现较晚,在鱼雷形胚阶段形成。6在五种切花百合的体细胞胚发生过程中,在体细胞胚中均形成独立的维管束,不与母体相连,即在形成球形胚时就与母体产生生理隔离。'White heaven'、'Eyeliner'、'Double surprise'和'Strawberry and cream'在鱼雷形胚阶段体胚细胞与母体细胞产生明显界限,造成细胞间隔离;'Triumphator'的体细胞胚在子叶形胚阶段出现细胞间隔离。
[Abstract]:Somatic embryogenesis plays an important role in bulb propagation, germplasm preservation and genetic improvement of lily. There were significant differences in the degree of difficulty of embryo induction among different species of encyclosum cells. In this paper, the histomorphology of somatic embryogenesis and development of five different lines of cut flower lily seedlings were observed in order to clarify the difference of embryogenesis and development of different kinds of syncystis. It lays a foundation for the establishment of somatic embryo regulation system of different lines of cut flower lily. The main results are as follows: (1) all the five kinds of cell embryos of cut flowers have experienced two ways: inner origin and outer origin. The scales of 'White heaven' appeared internal origin on the 7th day and outer origin on the 14th day after inoculation on the induction medium. The results showed that there was no difference between the internal origin and the outer origin on the 7th day after inoculation and the external origin on the 14th day. 'Intrinsic origin of Eyeliner' appeared on the 6th day and extrinsic origin on the 10th day, 'Triumphator' appeared in the inner origin on the 7th day and outer origin on the 10th day. In the above three species of cut flower lily, the inner origin first appeared and then the outer origin appeared. 'Strawberry and cream' appeared on the 7th day, and on the 15th day, the inner origin appeared. 'Exotic origin of Double surprise' appeared on the 8th day and inner origin on the 10th day, and the embryogenesis of these two kinds of synecious embryos appeared first, then inner origin. 2When the embryogenic cells of the five species of cut flower lily began to differentiate, the embryogenic cells of the five species of cut flower lily began to differentiate. Microscopically, ductal tissue was observed in endogenic embryogenic cells, and the ductus was always associated with embryogenic cells. Until somatic embryo and mother cell produce physiological isolation. 3 there are indirect and direct ways of embryogenesis of the five kinds of cut flower 100 cell embryos. 3) there are two ways in which the somatic embryo is isolated from the parent cell. Among them, 'Strawberry and cream,,'White heaven','Double surprise' occurs in an indirect way, forming embryogenic calli with large nucleus, dense cytoplasm and tight cell structure. The callus dedifferentiated to form somatic embryos. 'Eyeliner' and' Triumphator' occurred in a direct way without callus stage. Somatic embryos were formed by direct differentiation of embryogenic cells. 4 the development process of the five kinds of cut flower hundred zygote cell embryos all underwent spherical embryo and heart-shaped embryo. In torpedo-shaped embryo and cotyledon-shaped embryo stage, 5 vascular bundles were observed in somatic embryos of five lily species, but the vascular tissue appeared in different time. 'Strawberry and cream' and' Triumphator' appeared earlier. At the stage of globular embryo formation, vascular tissue appeared later in 'White heaven','Eyeliner' and' Double surprise', and formed in torpedo embryo stage. 6 during somatic embryogenesis of five species of cut flower lily, In somatic embryos, separate vascular bundles are formed and are not connected to the mother, that is, when the globular embryo is formed, it is physically isolated from the mother. 'White heaven','Eyeliner',. In the torpedo embryo stage, 'Double surprise' and' Strawberry and cream' had obvious boundaries between somatic cells and parent cells, which resulted in cell-to-cell isolation. 'Intercellular isolation of somatic embryos of Triumphator' occurs in cotyledon-shaped embryos.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S682.29

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