进境棉籽壳中黄萎病菌热处理技术研究
发布时间：2019-06-06 20:33
【摘要】：棉籽壳带菌是大丽轮枝菌Verticillium dahliae远距离传播重要途径。而由大丽轮枝菌引起的棉花黄萎病是一种危害性大、顽固性强的真菌性病害,被我国列为检疫性有害生物。作为食用菌的栽培基质,进境的棉籽壳携带植物疫情疫病进口的风险很高。本论文以黄萎病菌为例对棉籽壳热处理进行研究,针对棉籽壳的特性及用途筛选合适的热处理的方法,得出热处理指标。通过处理后棉籽壳含水率、出菇率的试验证实对棉籽壳种植食用菌的影响程度,最后通过棉籽壳的批量处理对研究所得的热处理条件进行效果验证。主要研究结果如下:1.对大丽轮枝菌的微菌核分别进行干热处理和湿热处理,其中干热处理9种组合,湿热处理27种组合。结果表明:微菌核经温度为85℃、90℃、95℃条件下处理时长90～180min,均不能使微菌核全部灭活;微菌核经RH50%以上温度95℃处理时长180min、RH80%温度95℃处理时长120min至180min、RH80%温度90℃处理时长180min,均可达到全部灭活的效果。确定携带大丽轮枝菌微菌核的棉籽壳热处理除害方法为,物料中心温度95℃、热处理容器或装置内相对湿度80%、处理时长120 min。2.湿热处理时相对湿度不低于65%,对棉籽壳的含水率无显著影响;就含水率而言,按上述棉籽壳携带大丽轮枝菌微菌核的热处理后,对棉籽壳的储存无影响。高温湿热处理时相对湿度80%,95℃C处理时长120min至180 min不影响所种植白木耳的出菇率。3.混有大丽轮枝菌微菌核的批量(约4500kg)棉籽壳,采用80%RH 95℃处理时长120min条件下可使大丽轮枝的微菌核全部灭活。本文研究结果表明,棉籽壳经物料中心温度95℃、热处理容器或装置内相对湿度80%、处理时长120 min的湿热处理,处理后可达到植物疫病菌除害处理的要求;处理后的棉籽壳不影响水分含量、出菇率等作为银耳等食用菌栽培基质的基本要求。研究结果为检疫处理工作积累大量的基础数据,推动检疫处理技术的发展。
[Abstract]:Cottonseed shell bacteria is an important way to spread Verticillium dahliae from a long distance. Verticillium wilt caused by Trichoderma dahlia is a kind of fungal disease with great harmfulness and strong stubbornness, which is listed as quarantine pest in China. As the cultivation substrate of edible fungi, the imported cottonseed shell carries a high risk of importing plant epidemic disease. In this paper, the heat treatment of cottonseed shell was studied by taking Verticillium Wilt as an example. According to the characteristics and application of cottonseed shell, the suitable heat treatment method was selected, and the heat treatment index was obtained. The effect of moisture content and mushroom yield on edible fungi planted in cottonseed shell was confirmed by the experiment of moisture content and mushroom yield after treatment. Finally, the heat treatment conditions were verified by batch treatment of cottonseed shell. The main results are as follows: 1. The sclerotinia of Trichoderma dahlia was treated by dry heat treatment and wet heat treatment, respectively, including 9 combinations of dry heat treatment and 27 combinations of wet heat treatment. The results showed that the sclerotinia could not be inactivated at the temperature of 85 鈩，
本文编号：2494579
[Abstract]:Cottonseed shell bacteria is an important way to spread Verticillium dahliae from a long distance. Verticillium wilt caused by Trichoderma dahlia is a kind of fungal disease with great harmfulness and strong stubbornness, which is listed as quarantine pest in China. As the cultivation substrate of edible fungi, the imported cottonseed shell carries a high risk of importing plant epidemic disease. In this paper, the heat treatment of cottonseed shell was studied by taking Verticillium Wilt as an example. According to the characteristics and application of cottonseed shell, the suitable heat treatment method was selected, and the heat treatment index was obtained. The effect of moisture content and mushroom yield on edible fungi planted in cottonseed shell was confirmed by the experiment of moisture content and mushroom yield after treatment. Finally, the heat treatment conditions were verified by batch treatment of cottonseed shell. The main results are as follows: 1. The sclerotinia of Trichoderma dahlia was treated by dry heat treatment and wet heat treatment, respectively, including 9 combinations of dry heat treatment and 27 combinations of wet heat treatment. The results showed that the sclerotinia could not be inactivated at the temperature of 85 鈩，
本文编号：2494579
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/shoufeilunwen/zaizhiyanjiusheng/2494579.html
