中国古代教化方式研究

发布时间：2019-01-14 09:47

【摘要】：在我国古代,教化作为“以德治国”的重要方式,被视为“为政之本”,受到不同历史时期的普遍重视,形成了纷繁复杂的教化思想。古代教化有广义和狭义之分,学校教育只是狭义的教化,此外还包括各级政府、宗族、家庭等。我国古代教化在很长的一段时期取得了显著的教化成就,这离不开一系列行之有效的教化方式的具体运用。本文将中国古代教化方式分为三类：一是心理方式,包括以“恻隐之心、固本清源”为主的教化根据,以“礼乐善化,为仁由己”为主的教化过程,以“心理中和、圣贤气象”为主的教化目的；二是传播方式,包括以“经典阐发、文以载道”为主的传播内容,以“原型塑造、人物代言”为主的传播载体,以“政教结合、学在官府”为主的传播路径,以“名正言顺、等级话语”为主的传播层次；三是评价方式,包括以“观其言行、考究人格”为主的评价策略,以“选官用人、品德为先”为主的制度保障。我国古代教化对维护多民族国家的统一发挥了积极作用,促进了社会经济的发展,推动了文化的传播,塑造了国人独特的个性心理。中国古代教化思想及其方式是中国古代智慧的结晶,需要加以批判吸收。总结这些教化方式,对现代思想政治教育的发展不无教益。现代思想政治教育新局面的开创,离不开对传统教化思想的吸收和借鉴。借鉴中国古代教化方式,推动思想政治教育内涵式发展,是提高思想政治教育实效性的重要途径之一,只有推动思想政治教育现代转向、文化转向、生活转向,才能真正发挥思想政治教育在民族复兴事业中的作用。本文分为导言、正文和结语三部分。导言部分表述了当前研究古代教化方式问题的现状,表述了本文的写作思路和方法等。正文分为五章。第一章论述了中国古代教化的起源,古代教化方式的定义、特点等。第二章介绍了中国古代教化的心理方式,从教化根据、教化过程、教化目的等方面进行了具体论证。第三章论述了中国古代教化的传播方式,从传播内容、传播载体、传播路径、传播层次等方面具体展开。第四章论述了中国古代教化的评价方式,分别从评价策略和制度保障两方面展开。第五章论述了中国古代教化方式对现代思想政治教育的启示,得出了发展内涵式思想政治教育的结论。结语部分是作者对中国古代教化的一点认识,说明了论文写作的不足。
[Abstract]:In ancient China, as an important way of "governing the country by virtue", enlightenment was regarded as "the foundation of politics", which was generally attached importance to in different historical periods, and formed numerous and complicated thoughts of enlightenment. There are broad sense and narrow sense of ancient education, school education is only narrow enlightenment, in addition to all levels of government, clan, family and so on. Ancient Chinese enlightenment has made remarkable achievements in a long period of time, which can not be separated from the concrete application of a series of effective ways of enlightenment. This paper divides the ancient Chinese educational methods into three categories: one is the psychological mode, which consists of the educational basis of "compassion, the consolidation of the root and the clear source", the enlightenment process of "courtesy and music kindness, benevolence and self", and the "psychological neutralization," and "psychological neutralization". The enlightenment aim of the saints' meteorology ";" The second is the way of communication, including the dissemination of "classical interpretation, text with Taoism", "archetypal shaping, character endorsing" as the main communication carrier, "combination of state and education, learning in government" as the main communication path, and "just and correct." The communication level of "grade discourse"; The third is the evaluation method, including the evaluation strategy of "observing his words and deeds and studying his personality", and the system guarantee of "selecting officials and employing people first, moral character first". Ancient Chinese civilization played a positive role in maintaining the unity of a multi-ethnic country, promoted the development of social economy, promoted the spread of culture, and shaped the unique personality psychology of Chinese people. The ancient Chinese enlightenment thought and its way are the crystallization of ancient Chinese wisdom, which need to be critically absorbed. Summing up these ways of education, the development of modern ideological and political education is not without lessons. The creation of a new situation of modern ideological and political education can not be separated from the absorption and reference of the traditional educational thought. One of the important ways to improve the effectiveness of ideological and political education is to learn from the ancient Chinese educational methods and to promote the development of ideological and political education. Only by promoting the modern turn of ideological and political education, the turn of culture, the turn of life, Only then can the ideological and political education really play its role in the cause of national rejuvenation. This article is divided into three parts: introduction, text and conclusion. The introduction describes the current situation of the study of ancient ways of enlightenment, and describes the writing ideas and methods of this paper. The text is divided into five chapters. The first chapter discusses the origin, definition and characteristics of ancient Chinese enlightenment. The second chapter introduces the psychological mode of ancient Chinese enlightenment, from the aspects of the basis, process and purpose of enlightenment. The third chapter discusses the communication methods of ancient Chinese civilization, from the aspects of content, carrier, path and level of communication. The fourth chapter discusses the evaluation methods of ancient Chinese civilization, from two aspects of evaluation strategy and system guarantee. The fifth chapter discusses the enlightenment of ancient Chinese enlightenment to modern ideological and political education, and draws the conclusion of developing implicit ideological and political education. The conclusion part is the author's understanding of ancient Chinese enlightenment, explaining the deficiency of the thesis writing.
【学位授予单位】：兰州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D64

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