影响我国粮食安全的国际因素研究

发布时间：2018-03-07 11:30

本文选题：粮食安全　切入点：贸易规则　出处：《辽宁大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近年来,我国粮食安全面临严峻考验,国际粮食市场波动剧烈。国际范围内粮食危机爆发以来,各国对粮食安全的重视与日俱增,贸易谈判中涉及农业领域的问题愈加的敏感,多边贸易谈判进程受阻,双边贸易谈判中农产品相关问题谈判也成为争议的热点,同时主要粮食出口国国在维护自身国家利益和粮食安全方面所采取的手段层出不穷,都极大的影响了国际粮食市场的供给状况,对国际粮食价格和国内粮食价格都造成了极大的影响,破坏了粮食市场的稳定性,同时,跨国公司的迅速发展也加剧了粮食市场的不稳定性,其中跨国粮商凭借自身强大的资本力量、垄断性技术产权和熟悉国际市场等优势对东道国的粮食市场产生极大的冲击,对东道国的本土企业和种粮农民都产生了不良影响,也对东道国的粮食主权发出了一定程度的挑战。以此为背景,我国在保障粮食安全方面还有很多制度和措施亟待建立、完善。目前我国粮食总产量呈现上升趋稳的特征,但粮食生产结构性矛盾突出,粮食贸易逆差不断增长,且我国粮食市场部分产业受跨国粮商的掌控,在国际贸易规则的制定上,我国还未充分挖掘其在保护我国粮食安全方面的潜力,在双边贸易谈判中关于涉农问题上的重视尚不充分,在推动农业企业国际化经营,形成较强的国际竞争力方面还需加强支持。本文由五部分组成,第一部分,绪论部分对目前影响我国粮食安全的国际因素的研究的研究现状做出综述,并说明本文的研究方法和创新与不足等问题;第二部分,陈述粮食安全相关理论基础,主要包括国际利益论和国际政治经济学;从保卫国家利益方面,以国际政治经济学为分析视角;第三部分,介绍我国粮食安全概况,对粮食安全的概念做出新的解释,从产量、流通体制、结构和贸易等方面对我国粮食安全状况进行介绍;第四部分,对影响我国粮食安全的国际因素做出分析,着重分析国际因素中国际贸易规则、主要粮食出口国、国际粮食定价权和跨国粮商对我国粮食安全的影响,在国际贸易规则的影响中主要考量WTO贸易规则、双边自由贸易协定和其他主要粮食生产国及发达国家的政策对我国粮食安全的影响;由于我国是粮食进口大国,考虑主要粮食出口国对我国粮食安全的直接和间接影响都是十分必要的;在国际粮食定价权的影响当中主要分析影响国际粮食定价权的期货市场和农业企业的竞争力对我国粮食安全的影响;在跨国粮商方面主要分析其对我国粮食安全积极影响和消极影响,着重研究其消极影响;第五部分最后提出对针对上述国际因素对我国粮食安全的影响应采取的措施,维护我国粮食安全的基本能力,在坚持对外开放的同时保护国家主权和国家利益。
[Abstract]:In recent years, China's food security is facing a severe test and the international food market is fluctuating violently. Since the outbreak of the food crisis in the international scope, countries have paid more and more attention to food security and become increasingly sensitive to the issues concerning agriculture in trade negotiations. The process of multilateral trade negotiations has been blocked, and negotiations on issues related to agricultural products in bilateral trade negotiations have also become hot spots. Meanwhile, the major food-exporting countries have used one after another to safeguard their national interests and food security. Has greatly affected the supply situation of the international grain market, has had a great impact on both international and domestic grain prices, and has undermined the stability of the grain market, at the same time, The rapid development of transnational corporations has also aggravated the instability of grain markets. Among them, transnational grain traders have a great impact on the food markets of host countries by virtue of their strong capital power, monopoly technology property rights and familiarity with international markets. It has had a negative impact on local enterprises and grain farmers in the host country, and has also posed a certain degree of challenge to the food sovereignty of the host country. Against this background, there are still many systems and measures to be set up to ensure food security in China. Consummation. At present, the total grain output in China is showing a characteristic of increasing and stabilizing, but the structural contradictions in grain production are prominent, the grain trade deficit is constantly growing, and some of the industries in the grain market of our country are controlled by transnational grain traders. With regard to the formulation of international trade rules, China has not fully exploited its potential in protecting China's food security, has not paid enough attention to agriculture-related issues in bilateral trade negotiations, and has been promoting the internationalization of agricultural enterprises. This paper is composed of five parts. The first part, the introduction part, summarizes the current research situation of the international factors that affect the food security of our country. The second part describes the theoretical basis of food security, including international interest theory and international political economy; from the defense of national interests, The third part introduces the general situation of China's food security, gives a new explanation of the concept of food security, and introduces the situation of China's food security from the aspects of output, circulation system, structure and trade. Part 4th analyzes the international factors affecting China's food security, focusing on the international trade rules, major grain exporting countries, international food pricing rights and the impact of transnational grain traders on China's food security. In the impact of international trade rules, the impact of WTO trade rules, bilateral free trade agreements and policies of other major grain producers and developed countries on China's food security is mainly considered; since China is a big grain importer, It is necessary to consider the direct and indirect effects of major grain exporting countries on China's food security. In the influence of the international food pricing power, this paper mainly analyzes the impact of the futures market and the competitiveness of agricultural enterprises on the food security of our country. In the aspect of transnational grain merchants, it mainly analyzes its positive and negative effects on China's food security, with emphasis on its negative impact. Part 5th finally puts forward the measures to be taken in view of the impact of the above-mentioned international factors on China's food security. Maintain our country's basic ability of food security and protect national sovereignty and national interests while persisting in opening to the outside world.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F323.7;F752.6

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