英语文学硕士论文：库切的《等待野蛮人》中看环境伦理与动物权利
Abstract摘要
约翰·马克斯韦尔·库切写le "等待野蛮人"这部世界著名的小说。从小说的角度看，，从作者的角度来看，文明、野蛮和动物权利三个重要的内容是对现代社会管理中这些关键术语的看法。此外，文明与野蛮是小说中的两个契约词。除此之外，作者还提出了动物权利在现代社会应该得到充分重视。此外，研究还充分考虑了作者在现实生活中的经历，使这一经验能够反映出他对特定环境的思考。这个结果可以被现代社会充分的学习。
John Maxwell Coetzee wrote the “Waiting for the Barbarians” which was a famous novel around the world. In the term of the novel, three important items are Civilization, Barbarism and the right of the animals from the view of the author and express the view on these key terms in the management of the modern society. In addition, the civilization and barbarism are two contract words in the terms of the novel. Besides that, the author has put forward that the right of the animals should be fully paid attentions in the modern society. Furthermore, the research has fully taken considerations to the author‘s experience in the real life, so that this experience could reflect on his thought on the certain environment. The result could be fully learnt by the modern society.
Table of contents
Abstract 2
Chapter 1: Introduction 4
1.1Brief introduction of the Waiting for the Barbarians 4
1.2The background of the author 5
Chapter 2: The definition of the key terms 7
2.1 Civilization 7
2.2 Barbarism 7
2.3 The right of the animals 7
2.4 The relationship among the these key terms 7
Chapter 3: the examples of the key terms in the Waiting for the Barbarians 9
3.1 The example of Civilization 9
3.2 The example of Barbarism 15
3.3 The example of the right of the animals 23
Chapter 4: what idea can be learnt in the modern society 25
4.1 The positive side of the key terms of Waiting for the Barbarians 25
4.2 The negative side of the key terms of Waiting for the Barbarians 27
Chapter 5: Conclusion 27
Chapter 1: Introduction
"Waiting for the barbarians" tells the story of a film clip virtual empire virtual history of nomadic tribes to wage war. Not sure of the time, place, character, have a plenty of a fictional empire, a fictional history, reel off great chunks of the narrator of the story, an old chief executive at the imperial outpost of inner monologue, he sent his years in this desolate border, have no the idea of keeping pace with The Times, but think of "in a calm day live in a peaceful life." In addition, all this peace is empire "the third" broken by colonel sent by Joel. He was sent by his empire capital survey "barbarians" rumors, he don't ask, don't indiscriminately torture returned from the desert to catch "barbarians", using forks flipping red hot their bodies, with wire through their hands... As empire legal practitioner, he didn't hesitate much when using an extreme way to ensure that the barbarian abide by "legal order of empire." Seeing all this, the old chief executive of inner conscience and read of redemption is awakened, also started from a glides gracefully adaptive Taiping officer to the noble path of martyrdom. He is in deep trouble, hard struggle, pain, although and unable to break through in the end............
Chapter 5: Conclusion
In summary, Waiting for the barbarians', in the Coetzee to the real historical background and written in a virtual space-time contradiction absurd, a group of people with no hope of numbness wait for the arrival of the barbarian old chief executive of the border town in its and the love of the daughter of barbarians, or on its political stance, is an ambiguous state of chaos, reflected its absurdity, in addition, on the narrative, the whole novel narrative is weaving the dreams of the old chief executive and inner waylaid, stories in the actual situation of switch, in fact, because of many virtual writing and historical text is not clear that Coetzee is blamed for escape from political and lack of social responsibility, however, this is unfair, waiting for the barbarians' which is full of the absurd novels reflected the brutal rule of empire, the third, it is because of the brutality of the imperial officials and soldiers came to know as the hero and the people in the world are struggling, but did not find any solution, only the absurdity of the protagonist's state of mind and the town people's numb despair such a fable type novel won't implicit in the era of change, but can be placed in any era, we should reread.
In addition, the right of the animal should be paid attention in the modern society, so that the animal should be treated equally as the man.Waiting for the barbarians, Coetzee tells a fictional civilization empire, and barbaric story behind face of society. Although the novel is set in an unknown place and time, but it is a recognizable "version the generalization of South Africa, Coetzee. Don't limit his theme of the oppressed the barbarian trauma experience civilization brought by violence, but also brought white judge trauma and witness his self-recognition and moral awakening (McCausland, 2014). The magistrate for the vicarious trauma in the process of the testimony of his empathy savage prisoner body and endures abuse his guilt and shame after identifying the brutal nature of the civilization of. He is destined to be an offender does not want to be a criminal, he began to seek methods confess the SINS of the white community. He volunteered to return to torture Chambers find out the truth of the barbarians, and witnesses the experience of pain in his dreams. In addition, he performed his redemption ritual bath barbarian girl's body. However, his sense of guilt and failure in understanding complain that scarred body led to his castration anxiety, this is to further develop, when he was happy and mandrel imprisoned and tortured.
Transformation is from a powerful administrator suffer prisoner displacement led to his identity. Confused the double consciousness of criminals and victims, he couldn't get himself in this plight and inner desire of life than history empire imposed on him. In the pursuit of a clear identity and through the process of trauma, he hired an active construction and citizenship; retell the story of his wounds, writing in the past year's turbulent history. However, no matter what he does, he, for his own sin shall not be exempted from approved by the empire and the barbarians. Moral awakening of the trauma associated with him no matter how painful journey. Through exploring the old judge inner struggle in front of the cruel reality,
Coetzee address the magistrate’s limits his ego. At the same time, he proposed to judge the trauma is not only his personal, but the collective trauma of humanism and conscience of white South Africa. Original settlers left an inhibit scar is not only in the colonies, but also be ashamed of the colonists' crimes and their ancestors have to bear the responsibility ethic debt ex - run up black colonizers. Coetzee and other issues also plagued by whites should bear the responsibility, what and what position in the history of white South Africa, and how to get rid of the white colonial humiliation, and work through their trauma. His answer was, in reality the oppression and white SouthAfricans cannot escape from the history of the criminal history and must bear. In addition, the approach of compensation and settlement woundis healing of black and white. In spite of this, the magistrate's tragic experience shows that white can't completely get rid of their colonial system ultimately reconciliation and black even though they have realized their moral responsibility and compensate the history of crime suffered disasters and sacrifice their dignity.
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