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城市生态环境承载力评价——以三亚市为例

发布时间:2017-07-28 08:52

摘要
城市化进程中,必然会对城市生态环境产生影响。对我国城市生态环境进行深入地研究,提出调控我国生态环境的措施,确保城市生态环境的改善,使城市生态系统处于良性循环状态,从而能够使城市处于可持续发展状态。以三亚为例研究了城市化进程对城市生态环境的影响。
首先,从理论角度分析了城市化进程对生态环境的影响,分别讨论了城市化对水环境、大气环境、以及土地环境的影响,同时也讨论了生态环境对城市化的影响;其次,分析了三亚市城市化进程现状和生态环境特征;然后,分析了三亚市城市化进程中生态环境效应,三亚市城市化占用了较多的土地、破坏了生态环境、导致了环境的污染;接着,进行了三亚市存在的生态问题及形成原因分析,城市人口增加和城市规模扩张是破坏三亚市生态环境的主要因素;最后,提出了三亚市在城市化进程中保护生态环境对策,从监管队伍建设、环境治理以及立法建设进行了讨论,可以通过增强三亚市生态环境保护的力度控制城市化的进程,避免生态环境的破坏,提高人们的生活质量,加强环境监管队伍的建设,同时通过增加财政支出加大环境治理力度,制定生态环境保护的法律体系。
关键词:三亚市,城市化进程,城市生态环境,影响
 
Abstract
In the process of urbanization, it will inevitably impact on the ecological environment of the city. The urban ecological environment in China is studied in depth, and the control measures of ecological environment of our country is put forward, which can ensure that the improvement of the urban ecological environment, urban ecological system in a virtuous circle, which can make the city in the state of sustainable development. Taking Sanya city as example the influence of urbanization on the urban ecological environment is studied. 
First of all, from the theoretical point of view of the influence of urbanization on the ecological environment, the urbanization of the water environment, atmospheric environment, land and environmental impact are discussed, at the same time, the impact on the ecological environment of urbanization is also discussed; secondly, the characteristics of the present situation and ecological environment of Sanya city urbanization are analyzed; then the effect of ecological environment in Sanya city in the process of urbanization is analyzed, urbanization of Sanya City, occupy more land, destruction of the ecological environment, resulting in the pollution of the environment; then the ecological problem of Sanya city and the cause of formation, the increase of urban population and urban expansion is a major factor in destruction of ecological environment in Sanya city; finally, put forward Sanya city in the process of urbanization in the protection of the ecological environment countermeasures are discussed from the supervision team construction, environmental governance and the construction of legislation. Through strengthening the ecological environment protection intensity of Sanya city to control the urbanization, avoid the destruction of the ecological environment, improve people's quality of life, and strengthen the construction of environmental supervision team. At the same time through increasing  
fiscal expenditure to improve the intensity of environmental governance, and establish the legal system of the development of ecological environmental protection.
Keywords: Sanya city,urbanization,city environment,influence

目录

摘要 III
Abstract IV
1 绪论 1
1.1 研究背景 1
1.2研究意义 1
1.3研究目的 2
2 城市化进程对生态环境的影响 3
2.1城市化进程与生态环境的关系 3
2.2城市化对水环境的影响 3
2.3城市化对大气环境的影响 4
2.4城市化对土地环境的影响 4
2.5 生态环境对城市化的影响 5
3 三亚市城市化进程现状和生态环境特征 6
3.1 三亚市城市化进程现状 6
3.2 三亚市生态环境现状                                 6
3.3 三亚市生态环境特征 7
4 三亚市存在的城市生态问题及形成原因分析 8
4.1三亚市存在的城市生态问题 8
4.2 三亚市生态问题产生的主要原因 8
5 三亚市在城市化进程中保护生态环境对策 11
6 结论 13
参考文献 14
致谢 15

1 绪论


1.1 研究背景
随着科学技术的持续发生以及社会工业化程度不断增强,城市人口规模日益增加,城市用地也不断扩大,城市得到了前所未有的发展。目前,城市化已经成为全球范围内的一种普遍现象,各个城市已经进入了高度城市化的进程之中。所谓城市化,,就是从过去的乡村社会逐步向现代社会转变的过程,城市化属于一个复杂的空间形态变化过程,涉及了社会和经济的诸多方面,一方面体现在农业人口向城市人口的转变,另外一方面还体现在多个层面的变化。城市化具有多维性,从人口角度,城市的人口规模日益扩大;从空间角度,城市用地面积增加,城市数量增多;从产业角度,非农经济取代农业经济;从社会文化角度,生活方式和价值理念的转变过程[1]
城市是社会发展到一定阶段产生的,属于人口和产业最为密集的场所,整个系统以人为主体。城市生态环境是在城市区域内,城市居民和周围环境的统一体以及该统一体进行物质和能量流动的组成要素,包括自然环境要素、社会经济要素。城市自然环境要素主要包括物理环境(气候和大气、地质地貌、土地以及水文资源)和生物环境(动物、植物以及微生物);社会经济要素包括城市设施(建筑物、管线、交通设施以及环境设施)、社会服务(劳动力、政法以及科学教育)和生产对象(工业、农业、商业、建筑业以及交通业)。




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