WONCA研究论文摘要汇编——乡村小型急诊科的作为:观察性研究的系统评价

发布时间：2019-03-22 17:47

【摘要】：目的在许多国家,乡村小型急诊科是急诊医疗的重要组成部分。研究者对观察性研究进行了系统评价,以了解这些乡村小型急诊科医治了哪些类型的患者、采取了哪些治疗措施、它们的运行情况如何。方法对Pubmed/Medline和Embase数据库1980年至今的数据进行系统性回顾研究。以全天24 h开诊的附属于医院的乡村急诊医疗单位为研究对象的研究被纳入,这些医疗单位的地理位置不位于城市或大城市。排除年度就诊患者数15 000例的医疗单位。采用预定的12项指标评估研究质量。主要活动和工作数据从各个独立的研究中提取,而不是简单地累加各个研究数据。结果共检索到19项包括有效活动和工作数据的研究。9项研究源自加拿大,6项源自澳大利亚,4项源自美国。这些研究采用的研究方法和所使用的量表各不相同。几乎没有研究提出有关方法学的建议。这些乡村急诊单位最常处理的是创伤和中毒(30%~53%)。需要在15 min内做出处理的患者数较少(2.5%~2.8%)。许多患者是在没有医生的情况由护士完成处理。结论从文献中仅能发现足够的基础性证据,可证实乡村小型急诊科做了哪些工作。为了提高基于证据研究的质量,描述研究必须采用急诊医学文献中已被证明有效的测量和方法,同时也应考虑采用其他研究技术。
[Abstract]:Objective in many countries, small emergency department in rural area is an important part of emergency medicine. The researchers conducted a systematic review of observational studies to see what types of patients were treated by these small emergency departments in rural areas, what treatment measures were taken and how they worked. Methods the data of Pubmed/Medline and Embase database from 1980 to present were systematically reviewed. The study of rural emergency medical units affiliated to hospitals, which opened 24 hours a day, was included in the study, and the geographical location of these medical units was not located in cities or large cities. A medical unit that excludes 15,000 annual visits. The quality of the study was evaluated by using a set of 12 indicators. Major activity and work data are extracted from individual studies, rather than simply accumulating individual research data. Results A total of 19 studies including effective activity and work data were retrieved. Nine studies were from Canada, six from Australia and four from the United States. The research methods and scales used in these studies are different. Few studies have made recommendations on methodologies. The most common treatment in these rural emergency units is trauma and poisoning (30% / 53%). Fewer patients needed to be treated within 15 min (2.5% vs 2.8%). Many patients are handled by nurses in the absence of a doctor. Conclusion only enough basic evidence can be found in the literature to confirm what work has been done by the small emergency department in rural areas. In order to improve the quality of evidence-based research, descriptive studies must adopt measurements and methods that have been proved to be effective in emergency medical literature, and other research techniques should also be considered.
【作者单位】：中国石油天然气集团公司中心医院;
【分类号】：R197.6

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