好莱坞电影中的中国元素重估
发布时间：2019-06-01 16:12
【摘要】：美国好莱坞电影作为世界电影主流的代表,长期雄踞全球电影市场之首,在全球范围内具有强势的传播力度和传播优势。从好莱坞电影输入中国开始,丰富、独特的中国文化就始终是好莱坞“想象东方”不可或缺的要素。百年以来,随着中美两国关系的起伏变化,好莱坞电影对中国文化做出了各种用意的阐释和描述。本文将好莱坞电影与中国元素的关系放在动态的历史发展脉络中做梳理和评价,对好莱坞电影的特征和优势进行了深入分析。好莱坞电影作为成熟的文化产业,体现出其本质性的商业逻辑,同时也代表与象征着美国精神和美国文化。中国有着悠久的历史和丰富的文化资源,这些对好莱坞电影创作有极大的吸引力。中国元素代表着一种文化交流的符号,好莱坞电影对中国元素的使用与传播将有利于异质文化之间的交流与沟通,促进异质文化共同进步与发展。这种异质文化之间的交流与沟通,可使一国从异国所塑造的本国形象中更好的认识自己、发现自己,这种认识和发现自己的过程将有利于对自己进行更好的定位与发展。本文从纵向上梳理了好莱坞电影在中国的传播境况,以及好莱坞电影运用中国元素的历史考察,通过史的梳理,廓清了好莱坞电影与中国文化的关系,尝试说明中美起伏变化的关系直接影响着好莱坞电影对中国元素的运用,使得好莱坞电影对中国元素的运用具有阶段性特征,其使用意图也是复杂的和不断演变的。以历史的眼光观照,好莱坞电影对中国元素的使用体现出类型上的转换与流变,具体表现为：从善于对物质性的中国元素进行静止的、稳定的运用,转变成逐渐关注中国文化的丰富性,从之前生硬的符号拼贴,到选择一些蕴含文化深意的元素进行表现。无论好莱坞电影对中国元素的使用表现为何种类型,其中都包含着内在的使用意图与逻辑植入。对此的分析集中在文化审美、政治意识形态与商业意图的视域之下,但如果对好莱坞电影使用中国元素的意图进行更为与时俱进的反思与重估,就会发现其中有更为复杂的内在逻辑与现实表征：任何一种单一意图都无法概括好莱坞使用中国元素的全部动机。好莱坞使用中国元素的文化的审美意图、政治意识形态的意图、商业意图往往是交叉相伴的,最终的效果还取决于多方力量与接受终端的多元理解。但在种种使用意图与力量结构中,商业逻辑始终占据主流与核心的地位。好莱坞电影使用中国元素的意图与其最终实现的跨文化全球传播的效果是否能达成一致,这个问题还需有长期的文化观察、建设和警觉。好莱坞电影对中国元素的使用,长期以来的普遍认识是一种变相的“文化殖民”或者“文化侵略”,中国文化会在这种“文化殖民”或者“文化侵略”的境遇中遭到误解、误读,沦为西方文化主体观照下的“客体”和“他者”。针对这种认识,本文重估了好莱坞电影对中国元素传播的文化意义,在文化传播的视角考察下认为,好莱坞对中国元素的使用实现了中国文化的“被传播”,这客观上使中国文化的某些突出元素借助好莱坞创造的影像获得了全球性的认知,促进了中国文化的全球传播。研究好莱坞电影对中国元素的使用,重估其内在逻辑与文化意义,更重要的现实指向是希望能够对中国电影发展以及中国文化的自觉传播做出新的启发。好莱坞电影在当下的电影市场具有强势的传播能力,是我们进行文化传播可以借助的途径,而中国独特、丰富的文化资源,以及中国电影市场的广阔潜力,也必将是好莱坞电影所需要的,因此,借助于好莱坞电影,中西方文化可以进行很好的合作与交流。中国电影需要有选择地接受好莱坞,运用好莱坞先进的电影理念、电影制作机制、创作方法,加强自身的文化自觉性,能动地传播丰富的中国元素和深刻、有魅力的中国文化,创作真正具有中国特色和市场效应的电影作品。
[Abstract]:As a representative of the mainstream of the world's film, the Hollywood film of the United States has long been the head of the global film market, and has a strong spreading strength and a spreading advantage over the world. From the Hollywood film to China, rich and unique Chinese culture is always an essential element of Hollywood's "Imagination of the East". In the past hundred years, with the change of the relationship between China and the United States, the Hollywood film has made various attempts to explain and describe the Chinese culture. In this paper, the relationship between the Hollywood film and the Chinese element is put into the dynamic historical development, and the characteristics and advantages of the Hollywood film are analyzed in depth. The Hollywood film, as a mature cultural industry, reflects its own business logic, and also represents the American spirit and the American culture. China has a long history and rich cultural resources, which are of great appeal to the Hollywood film creation. Chinese elements represent a symbol of cultural exchange, and the use and dissemination of Chinese elements in Hollywood films will be conducive to the exchange and communication between foreign cultures, and to promote the common progress and development of foreign cultures. The communication and communication between this kind of foreign culture can make a country better know oneself from the national image of the foreign country, and find itself, this kind of cognition and the process of finding oneself will be conducive to the better positioning and development of oneself. This paper, in the longitudinal direction, combed the propagation situation of Hollywood films in China, and the historical investigation of the use of Chinese elements in the Hollywood films, and the relationship between the Hollywood films and the Chinese culture was clarified through the history of the history. The attempt to show that the relationship between the change of the Chinese and the United States directly influences the application of the Hollywood film to the Chinese elements, so that the application of the Hollywood film to the Chinese elements has a phased character, and the use intention is also complex and evolving. In the light of the historical view, the use of the Hollywood film on Chinese elements reflects the conversion and the change of the type, which is embodied as follows: from the static and stable application of the Chinese elements that are good at the material quality, it is transformed into the richness of the Chinese culture. Collage from a previous hard symbol to a selection of elements that contain a sense of culture. Regardless of the type of the Hollywood film's use of Chinese elements, it contains the intrinsic use intent and logic implantation. The analysis of this is concentrated in the visual field of cultural aesthetics, political ideology and business intention, but if the intention of using Chinese elements in the Hollywood film is more advanced and revalued, it will be found that there are more complex intrinsic logic and realistic representation: Any single intention could not outline all the motives of Hollywood's use of Chinese elements. The aesthetic intention of the Chinese element in Hollywood, the intention of the political ideology, the commercial intention are often crossed, and the final result depends on the multi-party power and the multi-understanding of the receiving terminal. But in all kinds of use intention and strength structure, the business logic always occupies the position of the mainstream and the core. The question of whether the Hollywood film's intention to use Chinese elements and the effects of the final cross-cultural global spread can be agreed, and that the issue requires long-term cultural observation, construction and vigilance. The use of Chinese elements in Hollywood films has long been widely recognized as a disguised "cultural colonization" or "cultural aggression". Chinese culture is misinterpreted and misread in the situation of such "cultural colonization" or "cultural aggression", and is reduced to the "object" and "other person" of the subject of western culture. In the light of this understanding, this paper reevaluates the cultural significance of the Hollywood film to the Chinese elements, and in the view of the cultural communication, it is considered that the use of Chinese elements in Hollywood has realized the "is disseminated" of Chinese culture. This objectively makes some of the prominent elements of Chinese culture gain global recognition by means of the images created by Hollywood, and promotes the global spread of Chinese culture. The study of the use of Chinese elements in Hollywood films, revaluing its logic and cultural significance, and more importantly, is to be able to make a new inspiration to the development of Chinese film and the self-consciousness of Chinese culture. The Hollywood film has a strong communication ability in the current film market, which is the way we can make a culture transmission, and China's unique and rich cultural resources, as well as the vast potential of the Chinese film market, will certainly be required by the Hollywood film, so, With the help of the Hollywood film, the Chinese and Western culture can be well cooperated and exchanged. China's films need to be selectively accepted by Hollywood, using Hollywood's advanced film concepts, film-making mechanisms, creative methods, strengthening their own cultural awareness, actively spreading rich Chinese elements and deep and attractive Chinese culture, The creation of a film with Chinese characteristics and market effects.
【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：J905
，
本文编号：2490405
[Abstract]:As a representative of the mainstream of the world's film, the Hollywood film of the United States has long been the head of the global film market, and has a strong spreading strength and a spreading advantage over the world. From the Hollywood film to China, rich and unique Chinese culture is always an essential element of Hollywood's "Imagination of the East". In the past hundred years, with the change of the relationship between China and the United States, the Hollywood film has made various attempts to explain and describe the Chinese culture. In this paper, the relationship between the Hollywood film and the Chinese element is put into the dynamic historical development, and the characteristics and advantages of the Hollywood film are analyzed in depth. The Hollywood film, as a mature cultural industry, reflects its own business logic, and also represents the American spirit and the American culture. China has a long history and rich cultural resources, which are of great appeal to the Hollywood film creation. Chinese elements represent a symbol of cultural exchange, and the use and dissemination of Chinese elements in Hollywood films will be conducive to the exchange and communication between foreign cultures, and to promote the common progress and development of foreign cultures. The communication and communication between this kind of foreign culture can make a country better know oneself from the national image of the foreign country, and find itself, this kind of cognition and the process of finding oneself will be conducive to the better positioning and development of oneself. This paper, in the longitudinal direction, combed the propagation situation of Hollywood films in China, and the historical investigation of the use of Chinese elements in the Hollywood films, and the relationship between the Hollywood films and the Chinese culture was clarified through the history of the history. The attempt to show that the relationship between the change of the Chinese and the United States directly influences the application of the Hollywood film to the Chinese elements, so that the application of the Hollywood film to the Chinese elements has a phased character, and the use intention is also complex and evolving. In the light of the historical view, the use of the Hollywood film on Chinese elements reflects the conversion and the change of the type, which is embodied as follows: from the static and stable application of the Chinese elements that are good at the material quality, it is transformed into the richness of the Chinese culture. Collage from a previous hard symbol to a selection of elements that contain a sense of culture. Regardless of the type of the Hollywood film's use of Chinese elements, it contains the intrinsic use intent and logic implantation. The analysis of this is concentrated in the visual field of cultural aesthetics, political ideology and business intention, but if the intention of using Chinese elements in the Hollywood film is more advanced and revalued, it will be found that there are more complex intrinsic logic and realistic representation: Any single intention could not outline all the motives of Hollywood's use of Chinese elements. The aesthetic intention of the Chinese element in Hollywood, the intention of the political ideology, the commercial intention are often crossed, and the final result depends on the multi-party power and the multi-understanding of the receiving terminal. But in all kinds of use intention and strength structure, the business logic always occupies the position of the mainstream and the core. The question of whether the Hollywood film's intention to use Chinese elements and the effects of the final cross-cultural global spread can be agreed, and that the issue requires long-term cultural observation, construction and vigilance. The use of Chinese elements in Hollywood films has long been widely recognized as a disguised "cultural colonization" or "cultural aggression". Chinese culture is misinterpreted and misread in the situation of such "cultural colonization" or "cultural aggression", and is reduced to the "object" and "other person" of the subject of western culture. In the light of this understanding, this paper reevaluates the cultural significance of the Hollywood film to the Chinese elements, and in the view of the cultural communication, it is considered that the use of Chinese elements in Hollywood has realized the "is disseminated" of Chinese culture. This objectively makes some of the prominent elements of Chinese culture gain global recognition by means of the images created by Hollywood, and promotes the global spread of Chinese culture. The study of the use of Chinese elements in Hollywood films, revaluing its logic and cultural significance, and more importantly, is to be able to make a new inspiration to the development of Chinese film and the self-consciousness of Chinese culture. The Hollywood film has a strong communication ability in the current film market, which is the way we can make a culture transmission, and China's unique and rich cultural resources, as well as the vast potential of the Chinese film market, will certainly be required by the Hollywood film, so, With the help of the Hollywood film, the Chinese and Western culture can be well cooperated and exchanged. China's films need to be selectively accepted by Hollywood, using Hollywood's advanced film concepts, film-making mechanisms, creative methods, strengthening their own cultural awareness, actively spreading rich Chinese elements and deep and attractive Chinese culture, The creation of a film with Chinese characteristics and market effects.
【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：J905
，
本文编号：2490405
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