基于粒子系统的动态仿真

发布时间：2018-01-23 14:44

本文关键词： 粒子系统计算机图形学 OpenGL 喷泉模拟导弹发射　出处：《安徽大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：动态场景的模拟是计算机图形学中的一个热点分支。它被广泛应用到电视广告,实时渲染,3D动画和游戏,装潢设计,虚拟场景等。它以其独特的魅力在信息社会中起着重要的作用。一些自然景观的形状,如火焰,河流,瀑布,雨,雪,雾等,每时每刻随机的发生着变化。这一类动态现象很难使用传统方法建模与模拟。所以模拟动态物体也是一个极具挑战性的任务。一般来说,有两种建模方法。一种是直接解偏微分方程的方法(比如N-S方程)。由于必须要采用数值方法,所以一般来说这种方法是非常耗时的。另一种方法就是使用粒子系统方法建模。就目前而言,粒子系统被看作是模拟不规则动态物体中最成功的方法。粒子系统将模拟的对象看成一组相互制约的粒子,它可以利用非常简单的体素来构造不规则的物体,而不是用传统的线、曲面或者多边形来再现自然景物,同时粒子系统具有简单、快速、实时的特点,在模拟不规则物体方面有着独特的优势。本文主要采用了基于粒子系统的方法对虚拟场景中喷泉以及导弹的发射过程进行了模拟,主要做了以下工作： (1)阐述了该课题的研究背景、目的及意义,对国内外学者利用粒子系统原理模拟不规则物体所取得的成果进行了概述。 (2)介绍了文中所用到相关理论知识和技术——计算机图形学知识和OpenGL图形开发工具。计算机图形学方面,主要介绍了其研究内容及一些应用举例。OpenGL图形开发工具方面,主要介绍了其功能及主要工作流程。 (3)深入地研究了粒子系统的基本原理,用数学的方法来描述粒子系统,并对粒子系统的基本结构进行了阐述,详细介绍了建立粒子系统模型的步骤和方法,总结了粒子系统的特点,对粒子系统中粒子的产生、运动、消亡三大过程都给出了详细的说明。 (4)基于粒子系统提出了一种模拟喷泉的方法,分析了喷泉粒子的运动过程,再分别介绍了粒子的生成、运动、删除,最后采用粒子系统的绘制函数和OpenGL的纹理映射技术进行了绘制,实现了对喷泉的模拟。 (5)对导弹的发射飞行过程进行了模拟,其中包括弹体的绘制、尾焰的绘制、爆炸碎片的绘制,尤其对尾焰的绘制做了详细的分析介绍。
[Abstract]:Dynamic scene simulation is a hot branch of computer graphics. It is widely used in television advertising, real-time rendering 3D animation and games, decoration design. Virtual scenes and so on. It plays an important role in the information society with its unique charm. Some natural landscape shapes, such as flames, rivers, waterfalls, rain, snow, fog and so on. This kind of dynamic phenomenon is difficult to model and simulate by traditional methods. Therefore, simulating dynamic objects is also a very challenging task. Generally speaking, this kind of dynamic phenomenon is difficult to model and simulate. There are two modeling methods. One is the direct solution of partial differential equations (such as N-S equations). So this approach is generally very time consuming. Another approach is to use the particle system method to model. For the time being. Particle system is regarded as the most successful method of simulating irregular dynamic object. Particle system regards the simulated object as a group of mutually restricted particles. It can use very simple volume to construct irregular object. Instead of using traditional lines, surfaces or polygons to reproduce natural scenery, particle systems are simple, fast, and real-time. This paper mainly uses the particle system-based method to simulate the fountain and missile launch process in the virtual scene. The main work is as follows: 1) the research background, purpose and significance of this subject are described, and the results obtained by domestic and foreign scholars using particle system principle to simulate irregular objects are summarized. This paper introduces the relevant theoretical knowledge and technology used in this paper, such as computer graphics knowledge and OpenGL graphics development tools. This paper mainly introduces its research content and some application examples. OpenGL graphics development tools, mainly introduces its function and main work flow. 3) the basic principle of particle system is deeply studied, and the basic structure of particle system is described by mathematical method. The steps and methods of establishing particle system model are introduced in detail, the characteristics of particle system are summarized, and the three processes of particle generation, movement and extinction in particle system are explained in detail. 4) based on the particle system, a method to simulate the fountain is proposed, and the motion process of the fountain particle is analyzed, and the generation, motion and deletion of the particle are introduced respectively. Finally, the rendering function of particle system and the texture mapping technique of OpenGL are used to realize the simulation of fountain. The missile launch flight process is simulated, including the drawing of the missile body, the drawing of the tail flame, the drawing of the explosive fragments, and the detailed analysis and introduction of the drawing of the tail flame.
【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TP391.9

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