论凯鲁亚克和后现代主义

发布时间：2019-04-27 15:56

【摘要】：“垮掉的一代”代表凯鲁亚克的创作带有极其鲜明的后现代主义色彩,成为了后现代主义文学的一个典型的个案。凯鲁亚克表现出很强的批判性与反思性,而他批判的目标,却并不是美国的国家制度和社会制度,而是官方主流文化。正是从这个意义上说,凯鲁亚克的文学是一种亚文化,它一方面同主流文化保持着联系,由主流文化脱胎出来；另一方面却又表现出同主流文化根本不同的特质。同时,凯鲁亚克的文学作品又是后现代主义的,他的文学思想同法国的荒诞派和新小说派有着惊人的相似。例如,他反抗传统又迷恋传统,他创作的小说明显继承了马克·吐温的艺术风格,特别是美国式的流浪汉小说的风格。他的文学主题是表现了现代人的困惑与绝望,这一点也同后现代主义完全相同。他广泛采用了拼贴技巧,将形形色色的广告,流行歌词和报纸的新闻片断拼贴进他的小说,来为自己的小说营造一个富有时代色彩和平民生活色彩的背景。他大量地进行文学的语言改革,大量地使用黑人语言、墨西哥人语言,还有底层流浪汉的语言,因而他的小说语言有着粗俗特色和浓厚的底层生活色彩。另一方面,凯鲁亚克发现了美国社会的深刻危机,而运用美国本土资源又无法解决这些危机,于是,他把智慧的眼光转向了古老的东方,并在佛教禅宗中寻找新的生活目标,新的智慧启迪和新的思想解脱方式,并由此而取得了明显的效果。凯鲁亚克创作的人民性和美利坚的民族性,成为了最大的文学亮点,并给读者留下了深刻的印象。
[Abstract]:"the broken Generation" represents Keluyak's creation with a very bright post-modernism color, which has become a typical case of post-modernism literature. Kerouac showed a strong critical and reflective nature, but the target of his criticism was not the national system and the social system of the United States, but the official mainstream culture. It is in this sense that Keluyak's literature is a subculture, which, on the one hand, maintains relations with the mainstream culture and is born out of the mainstream culture; on the other hand, it shows a fundamentally different characteristic from the mainstream culture. At the same time, Kelouac's literary works are post-modernist, and his literary thoughts are strikingly similar to French absurdity and neo-fiction. For example, his resistance to tradition and obsession with tradition, his novels clearly inherited Mark Twain's artistic style, especially the style of American-style homeless novels. The theme of his literature is the perplexity and despair of modern people, which is exactly the same as post-modernism. He used collage techniques widely, putting all kinds of advertisements, popular lyrics and newspaper news fragments into his novels to create a background full of the color of the times and the life of the common people. He carried out a great deal of literary language reform, a large number of black language, Mexican language, as well as the language of the bottom vagrant, so his novel language has a vulgar characteristics and a strong color of life at the bottom. On the other hand, when Keluyak discovered the profound crises of American society, which could not be solved by using native American resources, he turned his wise eyes to the ancient East and sought a new goal of life in Buddhist Zen. New wisdom enlightenments and new ways of ideological liberation, and thus achieved obvious results. The popular nature of Keluyak's creation and the national character of the United States have become the greatest literary highlights and impressed the readers.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：I712

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