蒙古语中的汉语借词及其对蒙古留学生学习汉语的影响

发布时间：2018-01-01 15:32

本文关键词：蒙古语中的汉语借词及其对蒙古留学生学习汉语的影响　出处：《湖南师范大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：通过分析各个国家的语言,我们会发现每个国家的语言都有自己的发展历史,并且随着社会发展,词汇数量也越来越多。语言词汇扩大的一大原因是借词。比如说“computer”(电脑)这个词,在世界上的每个国家的人都听得懂,因为这个词是随着技术发展进入到它们的语言系统,就成了借词。蒙古语也是由于这个原因,吸收了许多其他国家的词汇蒙古国与中国边境相连,中蒙两国建交历史也很悠久。蒙古国和中国很早就有了经济、政治和文化上的友好往来。虽然蒙古语引进了三十多种外来词,可是由于蒙古跟中国的友好关系,从汉语词汇进入到蒙古语的汉语借词比其他语言的外来词更多,使用的也更加广泛。大多数汉语借词进入到蒙古语中的时间都很早,而且多是通过口头传进的,并且受到了蒙古语语音特性的影响。所以,直到现在,我们也没有办法确认汉语借词进入到蒙古语的确切时间。随着中国经济的快速发展以及中蒙两国的亲密关系日愈密切,到中国学习汉语的蒙古人越来越多。同时,在蒙古也掀起了学习汉语的热潮。笔者主要对蒙古语中的汉语借词进入到蒙古语中的原因、具体情况、历史发展阶段以及汉语借词的形式特点、用法特点进行研究。笔者针对蒙古留学生学习汉语的情况做了一个问卷调查,希望据此看出汉语借词对蒙古留学生学习汉语所产生的影响。本文共分5个部分：第一章是绪论。简单地介绍本文的研究目的,研究意义和研究方法。第二章是对蒙语中的汉语借词进行概述。主要阐释汉语借词进入到蒙古语的原因,从历史上看汉语借词进入到蒙古语的重要历史时期,同时介绍蒙古语中的汉语借词的重要的分类。第三章是汉语借词的语音和意义变化。本章研究的是汉语借词进入到蒙古语后的意义与语音变化。第四章是通过问卷调查总结出汉语借词对蒙古留学生学习汉语产生的影响。首先在学习汉语的蒙古留学生中做一个问卷调查,然后总结出汉语借词对他们学汉语时产生的影响。第五章是结语。
[Abstract]:Through the analysis of the language of each country, we will find that every nation has its own history of development, and with the development of society, the number of words is more and more. A major reason is to expand the vocabulary words. For example "computer" (computer) the word, every country in the world the people understand this word is because, with the development of technology into their language system, a Mongolian loanwords. For this reason also absorbed many other countries vocabulary
The state of Mongolia and the China border connected, Mongolia established diplomatic relations between the two countries has a long history. Mongolia and Chinese had friendly exchanges in economy, politics and culture. Although the introduction of the more than 30 kinds of Mongolian loanwords, but due to the friendly relationship between Mongolia and Chinese, from the Chinese vocabulary into Chinese Loanwords in Mongolian more than the other the language of foreign words, use is also more extensive. The majority of Chinese loanwords into Mongolian time very early, and came through oral, and influenced by Mongolian speech characteristics. So, until now, we have no way to confirm the exact time of Chinese loanwords into Mongolian.
With the rapid development of economy and China intimate relations between China and Mongolia more closely, more and more people to learn Chinese Chinese. At the same time, in Mongolia also set off the upsurge of learning Chinese. The author mainly on Chinese Loanwords in Mongolian language into the reasons, Mongolian situation, historical development stage and the characteristics of Chinese loanwords study, usage characteristics. According to Mongolia students learningChinese do a survey, hope that international influence of Chinese Loanwords in which students in Mongolia.
This article is divided into 5 parts:
The first chapter is the introduction. It simply introduces the purpose of the study, the significance and the method of research.
The second chapter is an overview of the Chinese Loanwords in Mongolian. Mainly explains the Chinese loanwords into Mongolian, look into the important historical period of Chinese loanwords from Mongolian history, and introduces the classification of important Chinese Loanwords in Mongolian language.
The third chapter is the phonetic and meaning change of Chinese loanwords. This chapter studies the meaning and phonetic changes of Chinese loanwords after entering Mongolian.
The fourth chapter summarizes the influence of Chinese loan words on the learning of Chinese in Mongolia by questionnaires. First, a questionnaire survey is conducted among Chinese students studying in Mongolia, and then the influence of Chinese borrowings on their learning Chinese is summarized.
The fifth chapter is the conclusion.

【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：H195.3

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