-men（-门，-gate）意义延伸的认知分析

发布时间：2018-02-13 09:50

本文关键词： 认知模型 -门意义延伸　出处：《西华大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：典型范畴理论是从认知语言学的理论基础。该理论认为意义属性具有不同权重，范畴成员具有梯度。词的意义延伸也具有范畴化的特点（Austin，1961）。学者们对词典中ANGER、HEAD、HAND及FACE的释义进行了研究，通过对各释义之间关系的分类研究构建出这些词的认知模型。他们一致认为隐喻和转喻思维模式在意义延伸过程中起着重要的作用。意义延伸是一个历时过程，是动态的，，故对意义延伸进行历时研究能使这一过程中遵循的规则、词义范畴的特点、隐喻以及转喻的作用有更加清晰的了解。-门起源于1974年的水门事件，2000年之后在汉语中大量应用，其意义发生了延伸，并且互联网上有充足的材料构建数据库，是进行历时研究理想的研究对象。目前对于-门的研究主要集中在形态、语义以及语法化三个方面。其语义特征主要表现为“+[丑闻]+[高知名度]+[影响深远]”。本文通过百度搜索了新浪网中出现的-门，综合前人研究以及所构建的数据库，把其意义属性拓展为[参与者有知名度]([P])，[道德层面不能接受]([M])，[影响深远]([A])，[用于政治领域]([Po])以及[和不可接受的性或者淫秽材料有关]([S])。[P]、[M]、[A]意义属性划分为有、部分有及没有三类，[P]拓展为娱乐、体育、商业、政治、教育以及其他六类，[S]分为有及没有两类。以此对数据进行量化，对每一个意义属性进行历年统计，并构建出每一年的认知模型。通过对意义属性以及认知模型的分析得出，转喻在-门概念化过程中起主要作用，此后隐喻作用于不同使用领域之间的意义延伸，转喻作用于同一使用领域。每个意义属性、各意义属性之间、以及认知模型都具有梯度且界限模糊。意义延伸一触即发，使得认知模型变得复杂，而后又自我简化。词汇的能产性以及频率会影响意义在认知模型中的位置，以及认知模型的变化。
[Abstract]:The typical category theory is based on the theory of cognitive linguistics, which holds that the attributes of meaning have different weights. Category members have gradients. The extension of the meaning of words also has the characteristics of categorization. Scholars have studied the meanings of English and FACE in the dictionary. The cognitive models of these words are constructed through the classification of the relationships between the meanings. They agree that metaphor and metonymy mode of thinking play an important role in the process of meaning extension, meaning extension is a diachronic process and is dynamic. Therefore, the diachronic study on the extension of meaning can make the following rules, the characteristics of the category of word meaning, the role of metaphor and metonymy more clearly understood that .-Gate originated from the Watergate event in 1974 and has been widely used in Chinese since 2000. Its meaning has been extended, and there are enough materials on the Internet to build the database, which is the ideal research object for diachronic research. Semantic and grammaticalization. Its semantic features are mainly [scandal] [high profile] [far-reaching]. This paper searches for the gate in Sina.com through Baidu, synthesizes the previous research and the database constructed. Extend its meaning attribute to [the visibility of the participants] ([P], [ethically unacceptable]) ([M], [far-reaching] ([A], [used in the political field] ([Po]) and [related to unacceptable sexual or obscene material]] ([S]. [P], [M], [A]). The meaning attributes are divided into two categories: [s]. [P], [M], [A]). There are and there are no three categories, [P] is extended to entertainment, sports, business, politics, education and other six categories, [S] is divided into two categories: yes and no. Through the analysis of the meaning attributes and cognitive models, it is concluded that metonymy plays a major role in the process of conceptualization, and that metaphor plays an important role in the extension of meaning between different fields of use. Metonymy acts on the same domain of use. Every attribute of meaning, between attributes of meaning, and cognitive models have gradient and fuzzy boundaries. Then it simplifies itself. The productivity and frequency of vocabulary influence the position of meaning in cognitive model and the change of cognitive model.
【学位授予单位】：西华大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H313;H136

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