对外汉语中级口语课堂教学设计浅议

发布时间：2018-03-08 03:09

本文选题：对外汉语　切入点：中级口语　出处：《陕西师范大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：口语课作为对外汉语教学的主要课程之一,它的课堂教学效果直接关系到学生在实践中的应用,如果学生能在理解教师教授内容的前提下,在课堂上得到充分地练习,那么学生的汉语口语水平肯定会有所提高,所以口语课的课堂教学一直都是从事对外汉语工作的研究者们研究的重要方面。在这几十年的研究中,取得了大量的研究成果,但研究方向大多偏重探讨口语课的教学目的、任务,关注的大多是对外汉语课堂教学中的教学方法、局部的教学技巧,对课堂教学设计的研究比较少,本文将对口语课的课堂教学设计方面进行粗略地研究。教学设计是对课堂教学的有计划地规划,好的教学设计可以提高教学效率,能够达到事半功倍的效果。随着世界各地出现的不同程度的汉语热,对外汉语教学的发展急需要对教学设计有一个标准化、规范化的方案,这就给教学设计者提出了一个很大的挑战。因为想要做好教学设计就要要求其设计者有多方面的知识储备(语言学、第二语言教学理论、心理学、语用、语义、语法等)和长时间的教学实践经验的积累,要运用相关的理论,利用科学系统的方法,设计教学的全过程。本文主要论述的是对外汉语教学中的中级汉语口语课的课堂教学设计问题。笔者搜集、查阅、整理了国内外有关教学设计的资料,总结了国内外教学设计的发展历程,提出课堂设计的定义。通过自己的亲身实践,听课记录,发现了对外汉语中级口语课存在一些问题,如：教师提问语设计不合理；学生的口语程度参差不齐,影响教学进度；教师讲得多,学生以被动的形式接受信息；语境设计的随意性和盲目性。这些问题严重影响了课堂教学效果,如果不及时发现并加以改正,教学就不可能取得进步。根据这些存在的问题,笔者认为可以通过再现学过词语,补足提问语；根据学生的水平设计课堂教学；词汇讲解要有技巧,重点突出词汇的练习；语法教学要易懂多练不断巩固；有针对性地设计语境的方法来设计口语课堂教学。最后选取了北京语言大学出版的《发展汉语——中级汉语口语(上)》当中的《我看婚姻与爱情》为例,提出了自己课程设计的构想。希望能更好地诠释前面论述的教学设计。
[Abstract]:As one of the main courses in teaching Chinese as a foreign language, the effect of oral English teaching is directly related to the application of students in practice. Well, students' oral Chinese level will definitely improve, so the classroom teaching of oral language courses has always been an important aspect of the research of researchers engaged in the work of working as a foreign language. In these decades of research, a large number of research results have been achieved. However, most of the research directions are focused on the teaching purpose and task of oral class, and most of them focus on the teaching methods, partial teaching skills, and less research on classroom teaching design in Chinese as a foreign language. This article will make a rough study on the classroom teaching design of oral class. Teaching design is a planned plan for classroom teaching. Good teaching design can improve teaching efficiency and achieve twice the result with half the effort. With the emergence of different degrees of Chinese fever around the world, The development of teaching Chinese as a foreign language requires a standardized and standardized program for teaching design. This poses a great challenge to instructional designers, because to do well in instructional design requires their designers to have a wide range of knowledge reserves (linguistics, second language teaching theory, psychology, pragmatics, semantics, etc.). Grammar, etc.) and the accumulation of long teaching experience, the whole process of teaching should be designed by using relevant theories and scientific and systematic methods. This paper mainly discusses the classroom teaching design of the intermediate spoken Chinese course in teaching Chinese as a foreign language. The author collects, consults, collates and arranges the relevant teaching design materials at home and abroad, and summarizes the development course of teaching design at home and abroad. The author puts forward the definition of classroom design. Through his own practice and listening record, the author finds that there are some problems in the intermediate oral English course of TCSL, such as the unreasonable design of teacher's questioning language, the uneven degree of spoken language of students, and the influence on teaching progress. Teachers speak much, students accept information passively, and the randomness and blindness of contextual design. These problems seriously affect the classroom teaching effect. If they are not found and corrected in time, the teaching will not be able to make progress. According to these problems, the author thinks that we can learn words by reappearance, complement the questioning language, design the classroom teaching according to the students' level, have the skill to explain the vocabulary, emphasize the practice of the vocabulary; Grammar teaching should be easy to understand and practice to consolidate constantly; In the end, the author chooses "developing Chinese-Intermediate Chinese spoken language (I)" published by Beijing language and language University as an example of "I see Marriage and Love" as an example. The author puts forward his own conception of curriculum design and hopes to better explain the teaching design discussed above.
【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H195

【引证文献】