“X得不能再X”构式研究

发布时间：2018-03-15 08:02

本文选题：“X得不能再X”构式　切入点：句法特征　出处：《南京师范大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：在现代汉语中,“X得不能再X”属于述补结构中比较特殊的一类,在语言表达上具有丰富性和生动性,但学界对其研究尚不够深入。本文以构式语法理论为指导,借鉴了认知语言学等理论,在前人研究的基础上,对“X得不能再X”进行了全面、细致的描写和分析。全文主要分析了“X得不能再X”的构式义、“X”进入的条件、词汇义与构式义的互动、形成机制,以及与相关构式之间的关系。 “X得不能再X”的组成部分“不能再”表达的否定、劝阻义与整个格式表达的极限程度义不相符,其构式义为表主观述评性的极限程度量。能够进入该构式的“X”应是能够表示量幅的非定量形容词、动词和名词,其中动词的量幅通过动作持续时间长短、动作重复次数,或者动作表现幅度来体现,名词则需要包含程度性语义,从而表示一定量幅。 “X得不能再X”构式义与词汇义的互动关系包括三种情况：当“X”为形容词、心理动词、以及本身包含量幅的动词时,词汇义与构式义一致；当“X”为名词时,词汇义与构式义部分一致；当“X”为通过持续时间和重复次数来表示量幅的动词时,词汇义与构式义不一致。“X得不能再X”构式表现了说话人很强的主观性,并且带有一种夸张量,它形成的语用机制是溯因推理,认知机制是概念整合和转喻。 “X得不能再X”构式与母式“X得不能再Y”的关系属于实例联接,与同一语义框架下的“X得要死／要命”、“X得不得了”主要在句法、语用等方面存在差
[Abstract]:In modern Chinese, "X can no longer be X" belongs to a special kind of sentence complement structure, which is rich and lively in language expression, but the research on it is not deep enough in academic circles. This paper is guided by the theory of construction grammar. Drawing on the theory of cognitive linguistics and other theories, this paper gives a comprehensive and detailed description and analysis of "X is no longer X" on the basis of previous studies. The full text mainly analyzes the construction meaning of "X can't be X" and the conditions of "X" entry. The interaction between lexical meaning and constructional meaning, the mechanism of formation, and the relationship between lexical meaning and related construction. The negation of "can't", a component of "X can no longer be X", does not correspond to the limit of meaning expressed in the entire format. "X", which can enter the construction, should be a non-quantitative adjective, verb and noun that can express the magnitude of the measure, in which the magnitude of the verb is determined by the duration of the action, the number of repetitions of the action, Or the range of action to reflect, nouns need to contain a degree of semantics, so as to represent a certain amount of amplitude. The interaction between "X" construction meaning and lexical meaning includes three situations: when "X" is an adjective, a psychological verb, and a verb with its own size, the lexical meaning is consistent with the construction meaning, and when "X" is a noun, the lexical meaning is the same as that of the word "X" when the word "X" is a noun. The lexical meaning is consistent with the constructional meaning; when "X" is a verb that expresses the magnitude through duration and repetition, the lexical meaning is inconsistent with the constructional meaning. The "X can't be X" construction shows the speaker's strong subjectivity and has an exaggerated amount. Its pragmatic mechanism is retroactive reasoning and cognitive mechanism is conceptual integration and metonymy. The relation between "X can't be X" and "X can't be Y" belongs to the instance connection, and "X must die / die" under the same semantic frame, and "X can't do anything" is mainly bad in syntax, pragmatics and so on.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H146

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