海盐话的指示代词研究

发布时间：2018-03-15 16:55

本文选题：海盐话　切入点：指示代词　出处：《浙江大学》2012年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本文主要讨论了海盐话指示代词的系统特征和语法化路径,认为指示代词除了基本的指代功能外还存在大量的非指代化功能,也正是由于这些非指代化用法的存在导致了近指代词和远指代词在使用上的不对称性。全文分八章。第一章简要介绍了选题缘由、指示代词的研究现状及本文的理论前提和研究方法。第二章对海盐话指示代词作了详细的描写。文章从方位处所、指人或事物、时间、性状程度或动作方式四个方面对海盐话的指示代词作了分析,认为该系统是特殊的“双层二分”系统,即在近指的基础上分为零距离近指和有距离近指,在远指基础上分为远指和更远指。同时还指出,海盐话的指示代词除了基本的指代化功能外还存在大量的非指代化功能。第三章对海盐话指示代词充当名词化标记作了分析。海盐话中存在着“泛指量词→远指代词→名词化标记”这样一条语法化链条,在“泛指量词→远指代词”环节中,所有的量词都有有定性的倾向,但“*个”率先语法化为了指示代词,在“远指代词→名词化标记”环节中,“*个”已语法化为了定中结构的名词化标记,但尚未成为的字结构的名词化标记。这一系列语法化过程充分证明了这个语法化链条是一个完整的连续统。第四章对海盐话指示代词充当定冠词的功能作了分析。由于指示代词和定冠词在句法位置和功能特性上具有高度的相似性,因此,海盐话中的远指代词语法化为了类似于定冠词的成分,这是人类语言所共有的普遍现象。本章还分析了“远指代词→定冠词”与“泛指量词→远指代词→名词化标记”两条语法化链条之间的相关性。第五章对海盐话指示代词的话题标记功能作了分析。海盐话的指示代词“*个”在句法、语义、功能等各个方面都和话题标记相契合,当话语中需要一个话题标记增强话题性的时候,“*个”很自然地就完成了从指示代词到话题标记的语法化过程。第六章对海盐话指示代词的篇章连接功能作了分析。指示代词起回指作用的时候无论是语义特征还是句法位置都易于语法化为连词,从海盐话远指代词的句法表现来看,它已经具备了连词所特有的特点。而且还进一步语法化为了话语标记。第七章通过对比汉语普通话、英语指示代词的不对称性特征,我们认为指示代词系统表现出来的不对称性是由于不同系统的指示代词在特定指示代词上产生的非指代化用法造成的,而非指代化用法的产生是语法、语义和认知等诸多因素共同作用的结果。第八章结语,总结了文章的创新点和不足。
[Abstract]:This paper mainly discusses the system characteristics and grammaticalization path of deixis pronoun in Haiyan dialect, and holds that deixis pronoun has a lot of non-anaphoric functions besides basic anaphoric function. It is precisely because of the existence of these non-anaphoric usages that leads to the asymmetry in the use of proximal pronouns and distant pronouns. The thesis is divided into eight chapters. The first chapter briefly introduces the reason of choosing this topic, the present situation of the research of demonstrative pronouns and the theoretical premise and research methods of this paper. The second chapter describes the deixis pronoun of Haiyan dialect in detail. The article analyzes the demonstrative pronoun of Haiyan dialect from four aspects: location, referring to person or thing, time, degree of character or mode of action. It is considered that the system is a special "two-layer dichotomy" system, that is, the system is divided into zero distance short finger and distance close finger on the basis of proximal finger, and far finger and more distant finger on the basis of remote finger. The deixis of Haiyan dialect has a lot of non-anaphoric functions in addition to its basic anaphoric function. The third chapter analyzes the nominalization of deixis pronouns in Haiyan dialect. There are "generic quantifiers" in Haiyan dialect. 鈫扗istant pronoun. 鈫扵his grammaticalization chain of nominalization marks is used to refer to quantifiers in general. 鈫扞n the "distant pronoun" link, all quantifiers have a qualitative tendency, but "*" takes the lead in the grammar of demonstrative pronouns. 鈫扞n the process of nominalization marking, the "* number" has been grammatically transformed into a nominalized mark of a definite central structure, but not yet a nominalized mark of the word structure. This series of grammaticalization processes fully proves that the grammaticalization chain is a complete continuum. Chapter 4th analyzes the function of deixis pronouns as definite articles in Haiyan dialect. Because the demonstrative pronouns and definite articles are highly similar in syntactic position and functional characteristics, The grammar of distant pronouns in Haiyan dialect has become similar to definite articles, which is a common phenomenon in human language. This chapter also analyzes "distant pronouns". 鈫扗efinite article "and" generalized quantifier. 鈫扗istant pronoun. 鈫扵he correlation between two grammaticalization chains. Chapter 5th analyzes the topic tagging function of Haiyan dialect deixis pronouns. The demonstrative pronouns of Haiyan dialect agree with topic markers in syntactic, semantic and functional aspects. When a topic marker is needed to enhance the topic, "*" naturally completes the grammaticalization process from demonstrative pronouns to topic markers. Chapter 6th analyzes the textual connection function of the demonstrative pronouns in Haiyan dialect. When the demonstrative pronouns play a role of anaphora, both semantic features and syntactic positions are easy to be grammatically transformed into conjunctions. It already has the characteristic of conjunctions, and the grammar is transformed into discourse markers. Chapter 7th compares the asymmetrical characteristics of Chinese Putonghua and English demonstrative pronouns. We think that the asymmetry in the system of demonstrative pronouns is caused by the non-anaphoric usage of specific demonstrative pronouns in different systems, rather than the generation of anaphoric usages. The result of the combined action of many factors, such as semantics and cognition. The conclusion of chapter 8th summarizes the innovation and deficiency of the article.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H146

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