基于语料库的现代汉语名词转类动词的研究

发布时间：2018-03-16 00:39

本文选题：词语转类　切入点：名词转类动词　出处：《北京交通大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：名词和动词是大多数语言中最重要的词类,因而名动之间的转换也一直是研究者关注的焦点。就汉语来说,名词不经过任何形式的变化直接被用作动词的现象在古代汉语中已经比较常见。现代汉语中,名词被用作动词的现象也相对比较普遍。因此,名词动用是非常有价值的研究对象,有助于我们进一步研究语言创新现象的本质。回顾名词动用的研究历程我们发现结构主义语言学派、转换生成语言学派、认知语言学派和功能语言学派都曾经从不同的理论出发,不同程度地对名词动用现象做出描写和阐释,他们的努力对于更好地理解这一语言现象做出了很大的贡献。然而,已有的名词动用研究存在以下方面的局限性。一是对于汉语中名转动词语料收集不足,只局限于对个别典型的名转动词例子的分析、解释等。并未对汉语中名转动词做出较为系统的研究,未能展示出汉语中名转动词的全貌。二是前人的研究中涉及名转动词在各种体裁中的分布情况较少。三是对现代汉语名转动词的研究所采用的理论基本上都是语法隐喻,对名转动词的机制以及名转动词语义的理解应有所突破。为了弥补之前研究的不足,本研究在以下方面做了有益的尝试。一是收集现代汉语名转动词语料,建立现代汉语名转动词的转类语料库。本研究基于《现代汉语词典》和北京大学现代汉语语料库。作者首先将《现代汉语词典》中只标注了名词词性的词输入到北京大学现代汉语语料库中,下载相关的语料,并借助名词和动词的基本特征以及动词的句法槽进行甄别,收集所有包含名转动词的语料。建立名转动词语料库。此语料库可以清楚的展示现代汉语中有多少个名词正在经历名转动词的转类过程。同时,读者可以看到在何种体裁下名词被用作了动词以及转类语料详细来源；二是对名转动词的语料进行描述。本研究试图对名转动词的语料进行全面的描述。因此,在本文中作者对名转动词的语料进行了定量和定性描写的基础上,分析了转类语料的分布、转类频率以及语料的来源；三是解释名转动词的语料。作者运用概念合成理论,分析了名转动词转类的机制以及名转动词语义的理解。本研究共有6章,第一章介绍了名转动词的研究意义,研究目标等。第二章是文献综述,本章从语法、修辞、认知以及对比等角度介绍了当前名转动词的研究情况。第三章对现代汉语词典以及北京大学现代汉语语料库做了详细的介绍,并呈现了语料收集的过程以及收集方法等。第四章对名转动词的语料分布情况做了描述。第五章是语料解释,作者采用了概念合理论对名转动词的机制以及名词转类动词的语义理解做了解释。第六章是总结部分,在本章中,作者介绍了研究的成果以及研究的不足。
[Abstract]:Nouns and verbs are the most important in most languages and thus a lexical category, the conversion has been the focus of study. Chinese noun, without any sort of change is used as a verb phenomenon in ancient Chinese has been relatively common. In modern Chinese, the phenomenon of nouns used as verbs are relatively relatively common. Therefore, the research object of denominal verbs is very valuable, helps us to further study the language innovation phenomenon.
Review the course of study we found that in terms of its structural linguistics, transformational generative linguistics and functional linguistics, cognitive linguistics school had sent from different perspectives, different degrees of denominal verbs to describe and explain that their efforts make a great contribution to a better understanding of this language phenomenon. However, the limitation of the research in terms of its following aspects. One is for Chinese denominal verb were insufficient, confined to the analysis of some typical examples of denominal verbs explain. Not on the systematic study of denominal verbs in Chinese made, failed to show the panorama of Chinese denominal verbs two. Previous studies involving denominal verbs in various genres in the distribution of less. Three is used in modern Chinese denominal verbs theory basically It is a grammatical metaphor. There should be a breakthrough in the understanding of the mechanism of the noun verb and the understanding of the meaning of the name rotation word.
In order to make up the deficiency of previous studies, this study makes a beneficial attempt in the following aspects. One is the collection of denominal verbs in modern Chinese corpus, the establishment of modern Chinese denominal verbs enallage corpus. This research is based on "modern Chinese corpus of modern Chinese Dictionary > and the Peking University. The author will" modern Chinese Dictionary "only labels the noun word input to the modern Chinese corpus of Peking University, download the relevant data, and with the basic features of nouns and verbs and verb syntactic slots to be screened, collect all contain the denominal verb corpus. Establish a corpus of modern Chinese corpus. It can clearly show how many the noun is experiencing the denominal verb conversion process. At the same time, the reader can see what genre nouns were used as verbs and types of corpus with two is a source; The word corpus is described. This study attempts to make a comprehensive description of the denominal verb corpus. Therefore, in this paper the author made a quantitative and qualitative description based on the denominal verb corpus, analyzes the distribution of data conversion, conversion frequency and data sources; three is the interpretation of denominal verbs the corpus. The author adopts the conceptual blending theory, analyzes the conversion mechanism of denominal verbs and a semantic understanding.
This study consists of 6 chapters, the first chapter introduces the research significance of denominal verbs, research objectives. The second chapter is the literature review, this chapter from the grammar, rhetoric, cognitive and comparative perspective describes the current research situation of denominal verbs. The third chapter gives a detailed introduction of modern Chinese dictionary and modern Peking University Chinese corpus, and presents the process of data collection and collection methods. The fourth chapter gives a description of the denominal verb corpus distribution. The fifth chapter is the data interpretation, the author adopts the concept of semantic understanding theory of denominal verbs and verb noun conversion mechanism are explained. The sixth chapter is summary in this chapter, the author introduces the problems, research results and research.

【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H146

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