汉越动词重叠对比研究

发布时间：2018-03-30 07:39

本文选题：动词重叠　切入点：汉语　出处：《华东师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：动词重叠是构形表意的重要手段,在汉语和越语中的使用频率都相当高。在汉语中,动词重叠形式多样,语法意义较为多,外国学习者掌握起来比较困难。越语中也有动词重叠式,但与汉语动词重叠式的对应关系非常复杂。两者之间的具体差异,目前尚无学者专门进行对比分析。本文尝试这一问题做一些探讨,从形式、语法意义和句法功能这三个角度入手,对汉越动词重叠式进行对比分析,找出两者之间的相同点与不同点。在形式方面,汉语和越语都有AAB、 AABB和A来A去(AdiAlai)重叠式。它们的差别体现在AA和ABAB的形式变体与声调变化上。此外,汉越动词重叠分别有A着A着、ABB、 A—AB和AaAB。在语法意义方面,汉语和越语动词同一重叠形式表示相同的语法意义,AA、 AAB和ABAB表示短时,AABB和A来A去表示连续长时；不同重叠形式表示相同的语法意义,如汉语AA和越语"V lay V de"都表示强烈的情感色彩,汉语AAB和越语A,A都表示动作程度减弱,汉语AA和越语AAla都表示动作程度加强；也有两种语言中动词重叠式特有的语法意义,分别为表示悠闲、随意、委婉的意义(汉语)和表示强烈的形象化作用的意义(越语)。在句法功能方面,汉语大部分动词重叠可以充当句法成分。动词重叠式在两种语言中都能充当谓语和状语,但只有在汉语中才可以充当主语、宾语和定语,而在越语中只能作补语。在前后搭配成分和搭配条件上,汉越动词重叠式的差异也较大。越语动词重叠活动较为自由,可前带副词“hoi”(有点)、“rat(很、非常)、"dang"(正在、在),后带助词“了、过”,疑问代词“谁、什么、哪儿、怎么样”,汉语则不可。汉语动词重叠式形式多样,语法意义较多,它与越语动词重叠式的对应关系也非常复杂。因此对越南学习者来说,汉语动词重叠式一直是一个语法难点,很容易产生偏误。在汉语动词重叠式对比分析的基础上,本文通过问卷调查和参考相关语料,对越南学生汉语动词重叠式的偏误进行分析。
[Abstract]:Verb reduplication is an important means of formative ideographic meaning, which is frequently used in both Chinese and Vietnamese. In Chinese, verb reduplication takes various forms and has more grammatical meaning. Foreign learners are more difficult to master. There are also verb reduplications in Vietnamese, but the corresponding relationship with Chinese verb reduplication is very complicated. At present, there are no scholars to make a contrastive analysis. This paper attempts to do some research on this issue, starting from the three angles of form, grammatical meaning and syntactic function, and making a contrastive analysis of the reduplication of Chinese and Vietnamese verbs. Find out the similarities and differences between the two. In terms of form, Chinese and Vietnamese have AAB, AABB and A to A go to AdiAlai. The difference between them lies in the variation of form and tone of AA and ABAB. In addition, the reduplication of Chinese and Vietnamese verbs has A Zhe ABB, A-AB and AaAB, respectively. In terms of grammatical meaning, Chinese and Vietnamese verbs express the same grammatical meaning in the same reduplicated form. AAB and ABAB mean short-time AABB and A to denote a continuous long time, while different reduplicated forms denote the same grammatical meaning. For example, Chinese AA and Vietnamese "V lay V de" both indicate strong emotional color, Chinese AAB and Vietnamese ANAA both indicate that the degree of action is weakened, Chinese AA and Vietnamese AAla both indicate that the degree of action is strengthened; there are also grammatical meanings of verb reduplication in both languages. They are leisurely, casual and euphemistic meanings (Chinese) and strong visualized meanings (Vietnamese). In terms of syntactic function, most Chinese verbs can be duplicated as syntactic elements. Verb reduplication can act as predicate and adverbial in both languages, but only in Chinese can be used as subject, object and attributive. However, in Vietnamese, there is only a complement. In the collocation and collocation conditions, the reduplication of Chinese and Vietnamese verbs is also quite different. In Vietnamese, the verb repeats more freely, and can be preceded by the adverb "hoi" ("hoi"), "dang" ("dang"). In "who, what, where, how", the question pronoun "who, what, where, how" is not allowed in Chinese. Chinese verb reduplication has many forms and grammatical meanings, and its corresponding relationship with Vietnamese verb reduplication is also very complicated. Therefore, for Vietnamese learners, Chinese verb reduplication has always been a grammatical difficulty. On the basis of contrastive analysis of Chinese verb reduplication, this paper analyzes the errors of Chinese verb reduplication in Vietnamese students by means of questionnaire survey and reference to relevant corpus.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H146

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