《儒林外史》介词研究

发布时间：2018-04-01 06:05

本文选题：《儒林外史》　切入点：介词　出处：《山东师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：语法的发展必然带动词类自身的发展，介词同其他词类一样，也有着自己内在的发展规律，在不同的历史时期展现着自己不同的面貌。《儒林外史》成书于清代中叶，语言口语化程度较高，具有相当的语言容量，能基本反映当时的语言现实，具有重要的研究价值。本文以《儒林外史》中的介词作为研究的对象，在借鉴前人的基础上，采用穷尽式统计法以及分类描写法，将共时描写与历时比较相结合，定量分析与定性分析相结合，对《儒林外史》中的介词作系统、全面的研究，充分展现《儒林外史》介词在语义、语用和句法等方面的共时状态，以及在历时上的继承与发展状况，进而勾勒出介词在近代汉语末期的发展面貌。本文除了绪论外，共包括五章。绪论主要介绍本课题的研究价值、研究方法、研究对象以及与本文写作相关的一些问题。第一章是介词研究的概说，包括介词研究的历史综述、语法化、介词的界定及分类等。第二章是对《儒林外史》中的介词进行了详尽细致的分类描写，首先从音节的角度将《儒林外史》中的介词分为单音节介词和双音节介词。单音节介词又按其主要的语义角色，将五个大类56个介词进行定性分析和定量分析。在分类描写的过程中，从汉语史的角度阐明了介词在《儒林外史》中的语法化程度，并结合了《儒林外史》中介词所特有的地域特色和时代特色进行分析。双音节介词共33个，按其构成方式进行分类描写，，再通过历时和共时的比较，总结《儒林外史》中双音节介词的特点。第三章是对《儒林外史》中的介词短语进行分析，从句法、语用的角度对介词短语的内部构成、外部功能、句法分布、语用功能包括话题标记、焦点凸显、语篇衔接等功能进行了考察分析，其中运用并借鉴了功能语言学、认知语言学、以及论元理论等现代语言学方面的理论与方法。第四章是对《儒林外史》介词的历时考察，主要包括对《儒林外史》介词成员的历时考察，以及从语义、句法等角度进行的描写分析，总结介词的发展演变规律。第五章是结语，在对《儒林外史》中89个介词进行考察分析的基础上，从历时、共时、方言的角度，总结了《儒林外史》中介词的发展特点，认为《儒林外史》中的介词具有时代特色，上承近代汉语、下启现代汉语，体现了继承性和发展性的统一，同时又具有方言地域特征，它的发展变化也是与整个汉语史的演变紧密联系在一起的。
[Abstract]:The development of grammar will inevitably lead to the development of parts of speech itself. Prepositions, like other parts of speech, also have their own inherent rules of development, showing their different faces in different historical periods.Language colloquialization has a high degree of language capacity, can basically reflect the language reality at that time, and has important research value.This paper takes the prepositions in the History of Confucianism as the object of study. On the basis of drawing lessons from the predecessors, it combines synchronic description with diachronic comparison, quantitative analysis and qualitative analysis.A systematic and comprehensive study of prepositions in the History of Confucianism shows the synchronic state of prepositions in semantic, pragmatic and syntactic aspects, as well as their diachronic inheritance and development.Then it outlines the development of prepositions in the late modern Chinese.In addition to the introduction, this paper includes five chapters.The introduction mainly introduces the research value, the research method, the research object and some questions related to the writing of this thesis.The first chapter is an overview of preposition research, including the history of preposition research, grammaticalization, preposition definition and classification.In the second chapter, the prepositions in the History of Confucianism are classified into monosyllabic prepositions and disyllabic prepositions from the perspective of syllable.According to its main semantic role, monosyllabic prepositions are qualitatively analyzed and quantitatively analyzed.In the process of classification and description, this paper expounds the grammaticalization of prepositions in the History of Confucianism from the perspective of Chinese history, and analyzes the unique regional and contemporary characteristics of prepositions in the History of Confucianism.There are 33 dicyllabic prepositions, which are classified and described according to their composition, and then through the comparison of diachronic and synchronic, the characteristics of disyllabic prepositions in the History of Confucianism are summarized.The third chapter analyzes the prepositional phrases in the History of Confucianism. From the perspective of syntax and pragmatics, the internal composition, external functions, syntactic distribution, pragmatic functions, including topic markers, are highlighted.The functions of textual cohesion are investigated and analyzed, in which the theories and methods of modern linguistics, such as functional linguistics, cognitive linguistics, and argument meta-theory, are used and used for reference.The fourth chapter is the diachronic investigation of the preposition, including the diachronic investigation of the members of the preposition, the description and analysis from the angles of semantics and syntax, and the rules of the development and evolution of the preposition.The fifth chapter is the conclusion. Based on the investigation and analysis of 89 prepositions in the History of Confucianism, the author summarizes the characteristics of the development of prepositions from the perspective of diachronic, synchronic and dialect.It is believed that the prepositions in "the History of Confucianism" have the characteristics of the times, the inheritance of modern Chinese, the lower of modern Chinese, the unity of inheritance and development, and at the same time the regional characteristics of dialects.Its development and change are closely related to the evolution of the whole history of Chinese.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H146

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