现代汉语聚合词语研究

发布时间：2018-04-18 06:11

本文选题：现代汉语 + 词汇　；参考：《山东大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：聚合词语是现代汉语中的一种重要的词汇现象,它结构上采用联合型复合式合成词的构词方法,但实际上所呈现出的语义又与普通的联合型合成词不同,通常表现出超越了内部语素组合的字面意义,达到了一种泛化的发展。构成聚合词语内部成员的语素均为单音节语素,在构成数量上,语素成员最少不少于3个,而以4个语素组成的聚合词语为常见形式。聚合词语中的语素成员位置较为固定,不能进行任意的添加和变化,只能做有限的更替。本文在吸收借鉴前人研究成果的基础之上讨论了聚合词语的语法性质,认为它是与短语类似,介于自由短语和固定短语之间,但在具体实际使用中却是与词等价的语言单位。同时对聚合词语的内部范围和外部范围进一步做出了分析,明确了聚合词语同成语、缩略语之间的关系,并认为聚合词语与成语、缩略语之间存在着融合与交叉,应当进行综合考虑。由于聚合词语相对于成语而言具有较强的灵活性,语序并不是唯一固定的。因此,本文在对影响聚合词语排列组合的因素进行分析时,对聚合词语的变体形式也给予了一定的关注,将其变体形式概括为语素变体和语序变体两类,分析了聚合词语产生变体的具体规则。除此之外,本文还以按照内部成分所属的语法性质将聚合词语分为名素型聚合词语、动素型聚合词语和形素型聚合词语,并对聚合词语的语法修辞特征进行了分析,概括出动素型聚合词语和形素型聚合词语虽然内部成员有动词性语素和形容词性语素构成,但由于语义上产生了泛化,整体表现出的语法功能表现出很强的名词性特征。最后,本文对聚合词语在对外汉语教学中的重要作用做出了总结,并对聚合词语的发展前景进行了预测。本文通过对聚合词语进行一系列梳理和简述,对聚合词语的自身特点做出了具体概述,以期可以弥补这一论题在当前研究现状中存在的问题和不足,为今后的进一步研究提供些许有益的帮助。
[Abstract]:Aggregative words are an important lexical phenomenon in modern Chinese, which uses the word formation method of associative compound words, but in fact, the semantics of them are different from those of common conjunctive compound words.Usually, it surpasses the literal meaning of internal morpheme combination and achieves a kind of generalization development.The morphemes that make up the internal members of aggregate words are monosyllabic morphemes. In terms of composition quantity, morpheme members are not less than three, and the common form is the aggregate words composed of four morphemes.The morphemes in aggregate words are fixed in position and can not be added or changed arbitrarily, so they can only be replaced by a limited number.This paper discusses the grammatical properties of aggregate words on the basis of absorbing and drawing lessons from previous studies, and considers that they are similar to phrases, between free phrases and fixed phrases, but are language units equivalent to words in practical use.At the same time, the author makes a further analysis of the internal and external scope of the aggregate words, clarifies the relationship between the aggregate words and the idioms and abbreviations, and points out that there is fusion and intersection between the aggregate words, the idioms and the abbreviations.Comprehensive consideration should be given.Because aggregate words are flexible relative to idioms, word order is not the only one.Therefore, in the analysis of the factors that affect the arrangement and combination of aggregate words, this paper gives some attention to the variant form of aggregate words, and generalizes them as morpheme variants and word order variants.The concrete rules of producing variant of aggregate words are analyzed.In addition, according to the grammatical properties of the internal components, the aggregate words are divided into nominal-prime aggregate words, motif aggregative words and morpheme aggregate words, and the grammatical rhetorical characteristics of aggregate words are analyzed.Although there are verb morphemes and adjective morphemes in the internal members, the grammatical functions of the aggregate words are characterized by strong nominality because of their generalization in semantics.Finally, this paper summarizes the important role of aggregate words in teaching Chinese as a foreign language, and forecasts the development prospects of aggregate words.Through a series of combing and brief description of the aggregate words, this paper makes a concrete summary of the characteristics of the aggregate words, in order to make up for the problems and deficiencies in the current research situation of this topic.It provides some useful help for further research in the future.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H146

【参考文献】