近三十年来新生事物名词与量词搭配情况考察

发布时间：2018-04-24 20:13

本文选题：新事物名词 + 量词　；参考：《暨南大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：二十世纪八十年代以来社会飞速发展，社会生活与人们观念都发生了巨大的变化，这种变化反映在语言上就是描写新生事物词汇的大量出现。量词又是汉语的一大特点，对二语习得者来说，学习量词有一定的难度。本文就尝试去发现新生事物名词在与量词搭配的过程中的规律，对对外汉语教学中的量词教学有一定的指导意义。本文选取新词语词典中的具体名词和名词词组，运用数据库，，采用归纳统计、对比分析的方法，确定量词的使用情况和分布情况。然后提取新生事物的语义特征，考察新生事物与量词的搭配情况，总结新生事物与量词搭配的特点，分析新生事物与量词搭配产生的原因，同时也观察量词在使用过程中的特点，预测量词的发展趋势。本文的主要结论是：（1）人们对新生事物“功能”、“形态”、“承载物或容器”、“采取事物的方式”、“出现的数量”这五类语义特征的关注角度，影响新生事物与量词的搭配。（2）“一量多名”现象基于人们对原有事物的认知。（3）新生事物名词语义特征的改变会影响同一事物在与量词搭配时的使用频率。（4）在不同的语境中，与新事物搭配的量词也不同。（5）量词“个”的泛化。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of society since the 1980s, great changes have taken place in social life and people's concepts, which is reflected in the emergence of a large number of words describing new things in language. Quantifiers are also a major feature of Chinese. It is difficult for second language learners to learn quantifiers. This paper tries to find out the rule of the new thing nouns in the process of collocation with classifiers, which has certain guiding significance for the teaching of classifiers in teaching Chinese as a foreign language. This paper selects the concrete nouns and noun phrases in the dictionary of neologisms, uses the database, adopts the method of inductive statistics and comparative analysis to determine the usage and distribution of classifiers. Then the semantic features of new things are extracted, the collocation between new things and classifiers is investigated, the characteristics of new things and classifiers collocation are summarized, and the reasons for the collocation of new things and classifiers are analyzed. At the same time, the characteristics of classifiers in the process of use are observed, and the development trend of classifiers is predicted. The main conclusion of this paper is: (1) people's attention to the five semantic features of new things, such as "function", "form", "carrier or container", "taking the way of things" and "quantity of appearance". The phenomenon of "one quantity of multiple names" is based on people's cognition of the original things.) the change of semantic features of new things' nouns will affect the frequency of using the same thing when collocation with classifiers. (4) in different contexts, the change of semantic features of new things' nouns will affect the use of the same thing when collocating with classifiers. The classifier collocation with the new thing is also different from the generalization of the classifier.
【学位授予单位】：暨南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H146

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