关联理论视角下的口译中的显化现象

发布时间：2018-05-11 23:38

本文选题：关联理论 + 口译　；参考：《上海外国语大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：由Sperber和Wilson提出的关联理论提供了一种解释人类交际的新视角。他们认为言语交际是一种明示一推理交际,明示和推理是交际的两个方面。明示就是说话人明确地向听话人表达意图的一种行为。推理就是听众通过关联明示手段所提供的信息和语境推断出说话人的意图。较集中传递的信息可分为信息意图和交际意图两种。根据关联理论,交际双方的行为都是设想该行为具有最佳关联性为前提的,也就是假定信息在特定语境中能产生最佳语境效果,为达到这种效果所需的努力最小。在关联理论被提出后,它不仅被用于解释交际活动也被应用其它相关领域的研究中。由于口译是交际活动的一种,用于解释普遍交际的理论也可以被用来解释口译现象。由于英汉两种语言在语法、逻辑及文化方面的差异,要在口译中获得与原文对等的语言明晰度,口译员应该遵循显化的方法。因此,在口译过程中,显化是一个不可避免的现象,也是一个非常重要的问题。近几十年来,许多学者致力于研究翻译中的显化现象,并且从多个角度对显化进行了分类。但是,显化在口译中的应用却鲜有研究,而对此系统的理论研究尚未形成。众所周知,与笔译不同,交替传译中的口译员要面临口译中的许多压力,比如笔记、短期记忆、压力和时间限制等,因此口译员要显化出原语中所有的隐含信息是相当困难的。译员选择显化与发言者的意图和听众的期望有很大关联。能让听众获得最佳的信息和交际意图而花费最小努力的显化,是最有效的显化。在关联理论最佳关联的框架下,作者尝试性地提出口译员需要在能减少听众获得最佳语境效果付出的努力的地方进行合适的显化,达到最佳关联。最后在此基础上本文将关联理论应用到口译教学中,建议加强学生听力理解、文化意识和非言语信息的把握的能力,期望能促进口译教学质量的提高。
[Abstract]:Relevance theory proposed by Sperber and Wilson provides a new perspective to explain human communication. They think that verbal communication is a kind of ostensive-inferential communication, ostensive-inferential communication is two aspects of communication. Express is a kind of behavior that the speaker clearly expresses his intention to the hearer. Inference is that the audience infer the speaker's intention through the information and context provided by the relevant explicit means. The information can be divided into two types: information intention and communicative intention. According to relevance theory, the behavior of both communicators is based on the assumption that the behavior has the best relevance, that is, it is assumed that information can produce the best contextual effect in a specific context, and the effort to achieve this effect is minimal. Since relevance theory was proposed, it has been used not only to explain communicative activities but also in other related fields. As interpreting is a kind of communicative activity, the theory used to explain universal communication can also be used to explain the phenomenon of interpreting. Due to the differences in grammar, logic and culture between English and Chinese, the interpreter should follow the explicit method in order to obtain the language clarity equivalent to the original text in interpretation. Therefore, in the process of interpretation, manifesting is an inevitable phenomenon and a very important issue. In recent decades, many scholars have devoted themselves to the study of explicit phenomena in translation and classified them from several angles. However, the application of manifesting in interpreting is seldom studied, and the theoretical study of this system has not yet been formed. It is well known that, unlike translators, interpreters in consecutive interpretation have to face many pressures in interpretation, such as notes, short-term memory, pressure and time constraints. Therefore, it is very difficult for interpreters to manifest all the implicit information in the source language. The interpreter's choice of manifestation is closely related to the speaker's intention and the audience's expectations. It is the most effective manifestation that can give the audience the best information and communication intention with minimal effort. Under the framework of the best relevance of relevance theory, the author tries to suggest that interpreters need to make appropriate representations in places where the effort to reduce the audience's effort to achieve the best contextual effects can be reduced to achieve optimal relevance. Finally, the relevance theory is applied to the teaching of interpreting, and it is suggested that the students' ability of listening comprehension, cultural awareness and non-verbal information should be strengthened so as to improve the teaching quality of interpreting.
【学位授予单位】：上海外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H059

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