英汉隐喻运动事件表达比较研究

发布时间：2018-05-30 12:56

本文选题：隐喻运动事件 + 隐喻投射方式　；参考：《曲阜师范大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：二十世纪七八十年代以来，国内外越来越多的学者投入到了对于运动事件的研究。而隐喻作为人类基本的认知工具之一，经常运用运动这个具体的概念来帮助我们理解一些抽象的事物或活动，从而构建我们对于整个世界以及自身的认识。因此，隐喻运动事件的存在不容忽视。但是，和本体或原型运动事件相比，对于隐喻运动事件的研究只占极少数。基于以往对运动事件的研究发现，并充分考虑到隐喻及运动在人类认知和语言表征上的重要性，本文试图总结归纳隐喻运动事件的特征及用法，，旨在为运动事件以及语言类型学的研究作出一定的补充和修正。本文从以下三个方面来研究隐喻运动事件：首先，探讨在英汉隐喻运动事件表达中，以空间运动所建构的目标域以及隐喻投射方式有何异同；其次，讨论英汉隐喻运动事件表达中运动动词在具体的语言表征方面存在何种差异；第三，分析英汉隐喻运动事件表达中的类型学异同，并试图找出汉语的类型学归属问题。本文理论框架主要来自Talmy (1985,1991,2000)关于运动事件的研究以及LakoffJohnson (1980)的概念隐喻理论。同时，本文采取定量与定性分析相结合的方法，并侧重于定性分析。通过数据统计以及详细分析对英汉隐喻运动事件表达中不同的隐喻映射类型以及词汇化模式进行研究。选取英汉不同题材，隐喻表达相对丰富的小说各七部作为语料来源，每部中随机抽取25例隐喻运动表达，总计英汉共350例表隐喻运动的句子作为样本进行对比分析。首先根据隐喻表达中目标域以及具体映射方式的不同对这些句子进行归类；其次，归纳这些句子中运动动词的类型和数目，并分析英汉每种类型的运动动词表达有何具体差异。研究发现，英汉隐喻运动事件的表达存在许多相似之处：（1）英汉语中以空间运动为源域所建构的目标域以及隐喻投射方式表现出跨语言的相似性；（2）对英汉隐喻运动动词词汇化类型的研究发现，英汉语都存在着大量包含运动+方式信息的动词，即方式动词，与此相对，英汉语路径动词的数目都比较少。然而，英汉隐喻运动事件表达还存在着许多不同之处：（1）英汉语的跨语言差异主要表现在以空间运动所建构的源域上，英语在表现隐喻运动的方式信息时做了更详细的词汇区分；（2）研究发现，尽管英汉语方式动词和路径动词在表面上相似，但在具体使用上它们显示出了进一步的差异。例如，英汉隐喻运动事件表达中，英语的方式动词要比汉语丰富的多，它们可以用来显示运动方式具体细微的语言差异，英语很少使用路径动词。但汉语中的路径动词却被频繁使用，且发挥着很重要的语言功能。对于英汉两种语言的类型学研究显示，汉语和英语不同，它并不是典型的附加语框架语，而是更趋向于等义框架语这一类型。这一发现是对Talmy关于语言类型学的两分法划分标准的修正。
[Abstract]:Since the 1970s and 1980s , more and more scholars at home and abroad have devoted themselves to the study of sports events , and metaphor is one of the basic cognitive tools of human , which often uses the specific concept of sports to help us understand some abstract things or activities , so as to build our understanding of the whole world and its own . Therefore , the existence of metaphor movement events cannot be ignored . However , the research on metaphor movement events accounts for only a few compared with the body or prototype motion events .

Based on previous researches on sports events , and taking fully into account the importance of metaphor and movement in human cognition and language representation , this paper attempts to summarize the characteristics and usage of the events of metaphor .
Secondly , we discuss the differences in the specific linguistic representation of the moving verbs in the expression of metaphor motion events in English and Chinese .
Thirdly , we analyze the similarities and differences in the expression of metaphor motion events in English and Chinese , and try to find out the problem of typological attribution in Chinese .

In this paper , the theoretical framework is mainly from Talmy ( 1985 , 1991 , 2000 ) research on sports events and the conceptual metaphor theory of laoffJohnson ( 1980 ) . At the same time , this paper takes quantitative and qualitative analysis methods , and focuses on qualitative analysis .
Secondly , the types and numbers of the verbs in these sentences are summarized , and the specific differences in the expression of each type of moving verbs in English and Chinese are analyzed .

It is found that there are many similarities between English and Chinese metaphor movement events : ( 1 ) The spatial motion in English and Chinese shows the similarity of cross - language in the target domain constructed by the source domain and the metaphor projection way ;
( 1 ) The cross - linguistic differences between English and Chinese are mainly represented in the source domain constructed by spatial movement , and English is more detailed in the way of expressing metaphor movement .
( 2 ) It has been found that although the verbs and the path verbs in English and Chinese are similar on the surface , they show a further difference in the specific use . For example , in English and Chinese metaphor movement event expressions , the mode verbs in English are much richer than Chinese . They can be used to display subtle differences in language and seldom use the path verbs in English . However , the path verbs in Chinese are frequently used and play an important language function .

Chinese and English are different from Chinese and English , but it is not a typical framework language , but it is more likely to be a kind of semantic framework . This finding is a revision of Talmy ' s two - way division standard on language type science .
【学位授予单位】：曲阜师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：H05

【参考文献】