《新华字典》第11版与第10版对比研究

发布时间：2018-06-23 01:15

本文选题：《新华字典》 + 字形　；参考：《河北大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：《新华字典》是新中国成立后出版的第一部以白话释义，用白话举例的字典。容量虽小，但影响却极为深远。自1953年第一版出版以来经历了近六十年风风雨雨，对普及全民文化和知识做出了重要贡献，并且记录了语言的发展变化，见证了中国时代的变迁，中国经济的发展。本论文通过对《新华字典》10版与11版的对比分析研究，着重探讨了两版字典的差异。主要包括以下几个方面：字形的修订，字头的增减，注音的差异，例证的修订，以及释义的相关问题。字形的修订，主要体现在繁体字、异体字的增删，增加1500个繁体字，增加了200多个异体字，并无删除繁体字，其中删掉的异体字多为《第一批异体字整理表》之外的，且大多作为正字头列出。收字的变动，，主要体现在古汉语用字，人名、地名、姓氏用字，方言用字，异体字等方面。字音的变动，删除改动了不常见、不严谨的字音，某些字增加了新的读音。释义的变动，主要体现在一个字的义项的变动和字的某一个义项的改动。此外，关于例证，主要体现在增删词汇，更换例证，以及例证释义的变动等。对以上五个方面的问题我们分别从原因、内容、数量等多个方面进行了定量分析和考察，从而为进一步探讨字典编纂的收词原则，词义发展演变的规律提供一定的依据。
[Abstract]:Xinhua Dictionary is the first dictionary published in vernacular after the founding of New China. Although the capacity is small, but the influence is extremely far-reaching. Since the first edition was published in 1953, it has been through the ups and downs for nearly 60 years, and has made an important contribution to popularizing the culture and knowledge of the whole people. It has also recorded the development and changes of language, witnessed the changes of the times of China and the development of Chinese economy. Based on the comparative analysis of the 10th edition and the 11th edition of Xinhua Dictionary, this paper focuses on the differences between the two editions. It mainly includes the following aspects: the revision of font, the addition and subtraction of prefix, the difference of phonetic pronunciation, the revision of illustration, and the related problems of interpretation. The revision of the font is mainly reflected in the addition and deletion of traditional characters, the addition and deletion of heterogeneous characters, the addition of 1500 complex characters, the addition of more than 200 variant characters, and the lack of deletion of traditional characters, most of which are outside the list of the first batch of variant characters. And most of them are listed as orthographies. The change of Chinese characters is mainly reflected in ancient Chinese characters, names, place names, surname characters, dialect characters, variant characters and so on. Phonetic changes, deletions of unusual, lax sounds, and new pronunciation of some words. The change of interpretation is mainly reflected in the change of the meaning of a word and the change of a meaning of a word. In addition, examples are mainly reflected in the addition and deletion of words, the replacement of examples, and the changes in the interpretation of examples. In order to provide a basis for further discussion on the principle of word collection and the development and evolution of word meaning, we have made a quantitative analysis and investigation on the above five problems from the causes, contents, quantity and other aspects respectively, in order to provide a certain basis for further discussion of the principles of word collection and the development and evolution of word meaning.
【学位授予单位】：河北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H163

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