反义对立式语气副词研究
发布时间：2018-07-22 20:27
【摘要】：本文选择了“反正、好歹、早晚”三个反义对立式语气副词作为主要研究对象,考察这类词不同于其他语气副词的个性特征。结合前人研究成果,本文认为反义对立式语气副词的形成是汉语语用心理机制和语法化机制双重作用的结果。语法构式则对其语义内涵的形成起决定性作用。本文发现反义对立式语气副词具有如下特点： 若将复句分成相关项和结论项两部分,反义对立式语气副词一般出现在结论项中。它们所在的复句表层结构与深层语义可能不一致,但从深层语义来说反义对立式语气副词一般都表示“虽然情况不同但结果没有改变”。 反义对立式语气副词一般可以充当高谓语,具有排他性总结功能,从传情角度而言一般表达说话人主观肯定的态度。从传信角度来说,反义对立式语气副词一方面能够触发预设,提起旧信息,另一方面又提示话题焦点,使已知信息重新得到关注或进一步的强调。 反义对立式语气副词所处的句子一般复句占优势,其句法位置较为灵活,但又会受到语境的影响和制约。它们与语篇关系十分密切,可以在语篇层起承上启下的作用,并传达说话人丰富的主观感受。从这个角度而言,反义对立式语气副词是脱离了内部句法层面,而处于句子外部的情态层及语篇层的。从语体结构而言,反义对立式语气副词的典型语体是口语,口语化是反义对立式语气副词的典型特征。 反义对立式语气副词在二语习得过程中的偏误主要是误用、冗余、搭配不当、成分缺失等六种。结合对现有对外汉语教材的研究,本文对今后反义对立式语气副词在教材中的编排提出了重新定位难度等级,解释必须有针对性以及分散教学和典型示例等三大建议,希望对今后的汉语学习者和教材研究者都能有所裨益。
[Abstract]:This paper chooses "anyway, somehow, sooner or later" three antisense mood adverbs as the main research object, and investigates the personality characteristics of these words which are different from other mood adverbs. Based on the previous research results, this paper argues that the formation of antisense mood adverbs is the result of the dual functions of Chinese pragmatic psychological mechanism and grammaticalization mechanism. Grammatical construction plays a decisive role in the formation of its semantic connotation. This paper finds that antisense antithetical mood adverbs have the following characteristics: if the complex sentence is divided into two parts: related items and conclusion items, antisense mood adverbs generally appear in the conclusion items. The surface structure of their complex sentences may not be consistent with the deep semantic meaning, but the antisense antithetical modal adverbs generally mean that "although the situation is different, the result has not changed". Antisense antithetical mood adverbs can generally serve as high predicates with exclusive summing up function and generally express the speaker's attitude of subjective affirmation from the point of view of transmission of emotion. On the one hand antisense modal adverbs can trigger presupposition and bring up old information on the other hand it also indicates the focus of the topic so that the known information can be refocused or further emphasized. The syntactic position of antisense mood adverbs is more flexible, but it is influenced and restricted by context. They are closely related to the text and can serve as a link between the top and the bottom of the discourse and convey the speaker's rich subjective feelings. From this point of view, antisense mood adverbs are separated from the internal syntactic level and lie in the modal and discourse levels outside the sentence. In terms of stylistic structure, the typical style of antisense mood adverbs is spoken language, and colloquialization is a typical feature of antisense mood adverbs. The errors of antisense mood adverbs in second language acquisition are mainly misuse, redundancy, improper collocation and missing components. Combined with the research on the existing textbooks of Chinese as a foreign language, this paper puts forward three suggestions on the arrangement of antisense mood adverbs in the teaching material, such as the difficulty level of repositioning, the necessity of pertinence, the dispersion of teaching and the typical examples. It is hoped that it will benefit both Chinese learners and textbook researchers in the future.
【学位授予单位】：南京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H195
本文编号：2138476
[Abstract]:This paper chooses "anyway, somehow, sooner or later" three antisense mood adverbs as the main research object, and investigates the personality characteristics of these words which are different from other mood adverbs. Based on the previous research results, this paper argues that the formation of antisense mood adverbs is the result of the dual functions of Chinese pragmatic psychological mechanism and grammaticalization mechanism. Grammatical construction plays a decisive role in the formation of its semantic connotation. This paper finds that antisense antithetical mood adverbs have the following characteristics: if the complex sentence is divided into two parts: related items and conclusion items, antisense mood adverbs generally appear in the conclusion items. The surface structure of their complex sentences may not be consistent with the deep semantic meaning, but the antisense antithetical modal adverbs generally mean that "although the situation is different, the result has not changed". Antisense antithetical mood adverbs can generally serve as high predicates with exclusive summing up function and generally express the speaker's attitude of subjective affirmation from the point of view of transmission of emotion. On the one hand antisense modal adverbs can trigger presupposition and bring up old information on the other hand it also indicates the focus of the topic so that the known information can be refocused or further emphasized. The syntactic position of antisense mood adverbs is more flexible, but it is influenced and restricted by context. They are closely related to the text and can serve as a link between the top and the bottom of the discourse and convey the speaker's rich subjective feelings. From this point of view, antisense mood adverbs are separated from the internal syntactic level and lie in the modal and discourse levels outside the sentence. In terms of stylistic structure, the typical style of antisense mood adverbs is spoken language, and colloquialization is a typical feature of antisense mood adverbs. The errors of antisense mood adverbs in second language acquisition are mainly misuse, redundancy, improper collocation and missing components. Combined with the research on the existing textbooks of Chinese as a foreign language, this paper puts forward three suggestions on the arrangement of antisense mood adverbs in the teaching material, such as the difficulty level of repositioning, the necessity of pertinence, the dispersion of teaching and the typical examples. It is hoped that it will benefit both Chinese learners and textbook researchers in the future.
【学位授予单位】：南京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H195
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前1条
1 闫文文;;也说“好歹”的语法化[J];安徽文学(下半月);2009年08期
，本文编号：2138476
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