印尼、泰国、韩国留学生动态助词“着”习得研究

发布时间：2018-10-17 18:24

【摘要】：汉语不像其他语言一样拥有丰富的词形变化,因此,在表达语义时就需要依靠虚词和语序来表现。作为虚词中不可缺少的部分,动态助词不仅能够帮助成句还能辅助表达,在现代汉语里发挥着较大的作用。其中,动态助词“着”不仅是现代汉语的重难点,也是对外汉语教学的重难点,同时,还是留学生在习得汉语时遇到的一个较大障碍。在现代汉语里,动态助词“着”一直是各个语言学家研究的热点,关于它的研究,前人已经取得了一定的成就。从历时的角度上看,“着”的出现最初并不是为了作为虚词使用,它经历了一段漫长的虚化过程。而在“着”到底应该分析成什么成分上,语言学界也一直存在着种种争议。论文从现代汉语的角度和对外汉语的角度分别对“着”进行了阐述和分析,由本体研究到对外汉语教学研究,先后从句法结构、语义、语法、语用方面对“着”做了详细介绍。并通过搜集、整理HSK语料库、发放调查问卷收集留学生自然语料,结合偏误分析理论和第二语言习得理论,分析偏误语料,找出造成留学生偏误的原因,并针对语料分析的结果进行“着”字习得情况分析,对留学生动态助词“着”的使用情况进行偏误分析。为了更好地进行分析,论文采用了四种调查方法,分别是：1)问卷调查法；2)统计法；3)偏误分析法；4)对比分析法。由这四种方法对获得的中介语语料和问卷调查进行分析,再对比不同国家的偏误率和不同国家各种偏误类型的发生率。在对比中发现印尼、泰国、韩国留学生整个习得过程的国别差异和最大障碍。作为创新之处,论文不仅立足于留学生语料和“着”字本体,并引入了“国别化”这一概念,选择印尼、泰国、韩国留学生作为研究对象,对这三国留学生的自然语料进行偏误分析,并按照不同国家归纳出各自特点。同时,论文还对印尼、泰国、韩国的自然语料进行了比较和分析,从国别化的角度对“着”进行论述。从而为对外汉语教学提出建议,提供新的思路。
[Abstract]:Unlike other languages, Chinese does not have rich morphologies, so it depends on function words and word order to express its semantics. As an indispensable part of function words, dynamic auxiliary words can not only help the sentence but also can help the expression, and play an important role in modern Chinese. Among them, the dynamic auxiliary word "Zhao" is not only the important difficulty of modern Chinese, but also the difficulty of teaching Chinese as a foreign language. At the same time, it is also a big obstacle for foreign students to acquire Chinese. In modern Chinese, the dynamic auxiliary word "Ze" has been the focus of various linguists. From a diachronic point of view, Zhe did not appear as a function word at first, it went through a long process of nihilization. However, there has been a lot of controversy in the field of linguistics. From the angle of modern Chinese and Chinese as a foreign language, the thesis expounds and analyzes Zhe Ze, from the ontological study to the study of teaching Chinese as a foreign language, and then introduces it in detail from the aspects of syntactic structure, semantics, grammar and pragmatics. Through collecting, sorting out the HSK corpus, issuing questionnaires to collect the natural data of foreign students, combining the theory of error analysis and the theory of second language acquisition, the author analyzes the error data and finds out the causes of the errors. According to the results of corpus analysis, this paper analyzes the acquisition of "Zhe" words, and analyzes the errors in the use of the dynamic auxiliary word "zao" of foreign students. In order to better analyze, the paper adopts four investigation methods, namely: 1) questionnaire, 2) statistics, 3) error analysis, 4) contrast analysis. The four methods were used to analyze the interlanguage data and questionnaire, and then to compare the error rates of different countries and the incidence of different types of errors in different countries. In contrast, the differences and biggest obstacles in the whole acquisition process of Indonesian, Thai and Korean students were found. As an innovation, the thesis not only bases on the corpus of foreign students and the Noumenon of "zhuo", but also introduces the concept of "nationalization", and chooses the students of Indonesia, Thailand and Korea as the research objects. The natural language data of the three countries are analyzed, and their characteristics are summed up according to different countries. At the same time, the paper also compares and analyzes the natural corpus of Indonesia, Thailand and Korea. So as to put forward suggestions for teaching Chinese as a foreign language, and provide new ideas.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H195

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