《孟子》连动式研究

发布时间：2018-10-29 09:16

【摘要】：本文以《孟子》连动式为研究对象，坚持语法形式和语法意义相结合、定量分析与定性分析相结合的原则，对其动词、连词、句法、语义和语用五个方面进行考察。在绪论部分，对本文涉及的语料、研究问题、研究现状等进行综述式回顾，重点是“连动式”概念的界定，，为穷尽式的语法研究奠定基础。在动词分析中，动词项V1、V2几乎全由普通动词构成,动词项的组合中；普通动词与普通动词的组合占绝对优势，其中行为动词是构成连动式动词项的主体；而在语序上的复杂性，笔者认为这跟动词连用在摹拟性、相容性和习惯性三个方面的语义限制有关。在连词“而”、“以”、“而后”的分析中，三者使用频率差距较大，这种不平衡性应该与它们的历史来源、语法功能差异相关；同时，连词与动词项组合用例最多的是单用动词和动宾短语的组合；连词的运用，在表达上能增加连动的气势，形成韵律美感。在句法分析中，无标志连动式中的附加式例句相对较少，几乎全为单层连动式，该种情况跟V2为言说类动词有关；而在有标志连动式中，虽仍以单层式为主，但多层式例句数量有所增加。同时我们也把连动式与形似结构进行了区分，重点探讨它们之间的本质差别。在语义分析中，单层连动式中的时间同时关系例句占大半，时间先后附加其他语义关系例句次之，单纯时间先后关系例句最少。从语义指向来看，状语的语义指向可以单独或同时后指V1、V2；动词的语义指向主要是与连动式中主语和宾语发生语义关系，可以分为五种情况；语义指向分析的作用可以分化句法歧义，把连动式与形似句法结构区别开来。在语用分析上，连动句由于具有表达整体性、语气连贯性、行文简洁性和意义强调性等四个特点，而具备自身独立存在的语用价值；同时，在表达中运用连动式与否，需要我们根据内容表达的实际来取舍与平衡，而篇章运用的探讨，限于学识及本文讨论的范围，仅提出了自己的设想，其他内容有待进日后分析。
[Abstract]:This paper takes Mencius as the object of study, adheres to the principle of combining grammatical form with grammatical meaning, quantitative analysis and qualitative analysis, and investigates its verbs, conjunctions, syntax, semantics and pragmatics. In the introduction part, the author reviews the corpus, the research problems, the current research situation and so on. The emphasis is on the definition of the concept of "continuous verb", which lays a foundation for the exhaustive grammatical study. In the verb analysis, the verb item V1 / V2 is almost composed of ordinary verbs, and the combination of common verbs and ordinary verbs is the absolute dominant one, among which the behavioral verb is the main part of the continuous verb. However, the complexity of word order is related to the semantic limitation of verbs in three aspects: mimicry, compatibility and habituation. In the analysis of the conjunctions "and", "to", "after", there is a large gap in the use of the three words, which should be related to their historical sources and grammatical function differences. At the same time, the combination of conjunction and verb is the combination of single verb and verb-object phrase, and the use of conjunction can increase the momentum of conjunctions and form a sense of rhythm. In syntactic analysis, there are relatively few additional example sentences in unmarked conjunctive verbs, almost all of them are single-layer continuous verbs, which is related to V2 verbal verbs. In the marked continuous pattern, although the single-level pattern is still dominant, the number of multi-level example sentences has increased. At the same time, we distinguish the contiguous motion form from the similar structure, and discuss the essential difference between them. In the semantic analysis, the time simultaneous relation is the most part in the single-layer continuous pattern, followed by the addition of other semantic relation in time, and the least in the simple temporal relation. From the semantic point of view, the semantic direction of adverbial can be either alone or at the same time, and the semantic direction of verb is mainly related to the subject and object in the continuous verb, which can be divided into five situations. The function of semantic direction analysis can differentiate syntactic ambiguity from syntactic structure. In pragmatic analysis, continuous sentence has its own independent pragmatic value because of its four characteristics: integrity of expression, consistency of mood, brevity of writing and emphasis of meaning. At the same time, it is necessary for us to choose and balance it according to the actual situation of content expression, and the discussion of text application is limited to knowledge and the scope of discussion in this paper, so we only put forward our own ideas. Other content needs to be analyzed later.
【学位授予单位】：重庆师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H141

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