四川西昌老派城关话音系研究

发布时间：2018-12-11 06:58

【摘要】：西昌方言是四川省西南官话以外的汉语方言之一,在通行西南官话的境域内有着特殊的色彩。作为移民的产物,西昌方言的形成是一个复杂的历史过程。历史上的几次大规模移民使西昌方言的历史层次中沉积了多个地方的方言。其中,代表西昌方言的老派城关话是不同方言系统叠置而成的,其历史源头是北方官话中的河南话。前人对西昌方言的研究不是太多,从研究成果看,1960年的《四川方言音系》运用现代语言学的方法对西昌城关话音系进行过一次系统描写,为西昌城关话语音的研究留下了宝贵资料。之后,在1996年、1998年、2004年、2008年又有学者对西昌城关话进行过描写,但是在音系的历时演变和共时比较研究方面,尚未见到专门的文章。本文运用文献考据、汉语方言学和历史语言学的相关方法,分为四个部分进行研究。首先,根据史籍、地方志和族谱文献记载,考察西昌历史上的人口来源,简述西昌方言的内部分区和研究现状。其次,在田野调查的基础上对西昌老派城关话音系进行详细系统地描写。先依据《方言调查字表》对声、韵、调进行系统描写,并说明音值、举出例字、归纳音韵特点。再根据调查的语段材料,描写文白异读、儿化、变调、变音等现象。在变调描写中,指出西昌话的去声自由变读21或213调,不受语流环境的限制,是长期以来受到成都话影响的结果,它还处在语言演变过程中的不稳定阶段,是语言接触的结果。再次,从历时角度将西昌老派城关话与中古音对比,考察其声、韵、调的历史演变情况,揭示西昌老派城关话音系的演变规律。声调系统比较研究一节运用现代语音学和音位学的相关理论阐明在西昌老派城关话中入声不独立成调,关于“入声”的发展轨迹,只能在韵母范畴中寻求答案。最后,从共时角度将西昌老派城关话分别与河南话、云南话、成都话进行比较,分析异同,展现西昌老派城关话在共时系统中的特点,并进一步从语言接触的角度进行考察,揭示西昌老派城关话的历史层次,说明其归属。
[Abstract]:Xichang dialect is one of the Chinese dialects other than Southwest Mandarin in Sichuan Province. As the product of immigration, the formation of Xichang dialect is a complicated historical process. Several large-scale immigrants in history have deposited many local dialects in the historical level of Xichang dialect. Among them, the old school Chengguan dialect, which represents Xichang dialect, is superimposed by different dialects, and its historical source is Henan dialect. The previous studies on Xichang dialect were not too many. From the research results, the phonology of Sichuan dialect in 1960 used modern linguistic methods to describe the Xichang Chengguan dialect systematically. It leaves valuable data for the study of Xichang Chengguan dialect pronunciation. Then, in 1996, 1998, 2004 and 2008, some scholars have described Xichang Chengguan dialect, but in the diachronic evolution and synchronic comparative study of phonology, no special article has been found. This paper is divided into four parts by means of literature research, Chinese dialectology and historical linguistics. Firstly, according to the historical records, local chronicles and genealogical documents, this paper investigates the population sources in Xichang history, and briefly describes the internal division and research status of Xichang dialect. Secondly, on the basis of field investigation, the old school of Xichang Chengguan voice system is described in detail and systematically. First, according to the "dialect investigation word Table", a systematic description of the sound, rhyme and tone is carried out, and the phonological value is explained, the example characters are given, and the phonological characteristics are summarized. Then according to the investigation paragraph material, describes the article white different reading, the change of tone, the change of tone and so on phenomenon. In the description of tone variation, it is pointed out that the free change of diatonic tone of Xichang dialect to 21 or 213 tones is not restricted by the language flow environment and is the result of long time influence by Chengdu dialect, which is still in the unstable stage of language evolution and the result of language contact. Thirdly, from the diachronic point of view, the author contrasts the Chengguan dialect of the old school of Xichang with the middle ancient sound, investigates the historical evolution of its sound, rhyme and tone, and reveals the evolution law of the Chengguan dialect system of the old school of Xichang. In the section of comparative study of tone system, the relevant theories of modern phonetics and phonology are used to explain that in the Chengguan dialect of the old school of Xichang, intonation is not independent. The development track of "entering sound" can only be found in the category of vowel. Finally, from the synchronic point of view, compare the Xichang Lao school Chengguan dialect with Henan dialect, Yunnan dialect and Chengdu dialect, analyze the similarities and differences, show the characteristics of Xichang Lao school Chengguan dialect in the synchronic system, and further investigate from the angle of language contact. It reveals the historical level of Chengguan dialect of the old school in Xichang, and explains its ownership.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H172.3

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