中华传统文化核心范畴“孝”的语义分析及文化阐释

发布时间：2019-02-22 14:20

【摘要】：“孝”是中华传统文化核心范畴,是一个重要的汉语观念词。孝观念的产生可以追溯到父系氏族公社时代。伴随着悠久的历史,孝的内涵愈来愈丰富。随着历史的发展和文化的演进,“孝”的语义重心从远古到现代经历了从“祭祀祖先神”到“善事父母”的演变。其行为对象也经历了“神一人”的转换。正是这个关键性的转换激发了“孝”的语义活性,拓展了语素“孝”参构词语的广阔发展空间。而“爱敬、等级”作为语素“孝”参构词语语义中的“共享义素”,贯穿在“孝”语义变迁和语素“孝”参构词语发展的整个过程。 “孝”行为对象的“神一人”转换,既是人类认知发展的结果,又是中国历史文化发展趋势的重要体现。尊祖敬宗、爱亲敬亲则是“孝”语义的总旨。贯穿“孝”语义始终的“爱敬”义素和大量的含“孝”词语表明汉语的重“孝”。汉语重“孝”是汉民族重“孝”在语言上的体现。汉民族重“孝”,归根结底在于“孝”亲亲、尊尊的原则既体现了朴素血亲的人情之实,又与汉民族家国同构的家体、国体相辅相成。孝文化深受儒家文化的影响。而儒家文化并非一成不变,其发展特征同样在孝文化上打下深深的烙印。因此,对照分析儒家孝道形成期的《论语》中的“孝”、完成期的《孝经》中的“孝”与语素“孝”参构词语的语义特征和文化内涵,既可以了解语素“孝”参构词语所受的儒家孝道文化影响,又可以以此反观儒家孝道文化的发展演变。
[Abstract]:Filial piety is the core category of Chinese traditional culture and an important Chinese concept word. The concept of filial piety can be traced back to the patriarchal clan commune era. With a long history, the connotation of filial piety is more and more abundant. With the development of history and the evolution of culture, the semantic focus of "filial piety" has evolved from ancient times to modern times from "sacrificing ancestral gods" to "parents of good deeds". Its behavior object also experienced the transformation of "one God and one person". It is this crucial transformation that inspires the semantic activity of filial piety and expands the broad development space of the morpheme "filial piety". "Love, respect, rank", as the "shared meaning" in the semantic construction of the morpheme "filial piety", runs through the whole process of the semantic change of "filial piety" and the development of the morpheme "filial piety". The transformation of the behavior object of filial piety is not only the result of human cognitive development, but also the important embodiment of the development trend of Chinese history and culture. Respecting ancestors and respecting relatives is the general purpose of the meaning of filial piety. The meaning of "love and respect", which runs through the meaning of "filial piety", and a large number of words containing "filial piety" indicate the importance of "filial piety" in Chinese. Chinese attaches great importance to filial piety, which is the embodiment of Han nationality's emphasis on filial piety. In the final analysis, the principle of "filial piety" and respect not only embodies the reality of simple blood and kinship, but also complements each other with the same family style as the Han nationality. Filial piety culture is deeply influenced by Confucian culture. The Confucian culture is not fixed, its development characteristics are also deeply imprinted on the culture of filial piety. Therefore, the semantic features and cultural connotations of the words "filial piety" in the Analects of Confucius' filial piety formation period, and the "filial piety" and the morpheme "filial piety" in the completion period are analyzed. We can not only understand the influence of Confucian filial piety culture on the morpheme "filial piety", but also look at the development and evolution of Confucian filial piety culture.
【学位授予单位】：福建师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H13;G122

【参考文献】