《汉语国际教育用音节汉字词汇等级划分（汉字表）》中独体字文化信息考察

发布时间：2019-04-29 13:37

【摘要】：难识难记的汉字成为了很多外国学习者学好汉语的瓶颈,也制约着汉语国际教育的发展。随着汉字教学研究不断深入,各种研究成果不断涌现,越来越多的学者注意到了汉字自身的特点和优势,这种从未间断使用的表意文字不仅记录了汉语,而且记录了中华民族五千年的发展历程。在汉字的形义结合、发展演变中凝结了丰富的文化信息,自古至今,前人对汉字形义中包含的文化信息的研究很多,成果颇丰。但从汉字教学的角度出发,系统分析汉字形义中典型文化信息的研究却不多见。本文以《汉语国际教育用音节汉字词汇等级划分(汉字表)》为研究范围,以构字能力强的独体字为切入角度,系统分析了这些独体字形义方面能反应中国社会文化特点的典型文化信息。汉字中的这些典型文化信息一方面能够丰富教师自身的文化知识、提高教师的职业素养,另一方面也能够帮助学习者尽快了解汉字自身的形义结合规律和书写规律,变死记硬背、机械记忆为有意义的学习。本文共分为五个部分：第一部分,简要概述了独体字的概念界定、在教学中的地位和作用,以及汉字文化信息的概念界定、在教学中的地位和作用；第二部分,调查统计了《汉语国际教育用音节汉字词汇等级划分(汉字表)》中独体字及包含典型文化信息的独体字的分布情况；第三部分,在查阅前人研究成果的基础上,我们系统分析了168个形义方面包含典型文化信息的独体字,并根据其所属类型进行了分类描述；第四部分,我们对这些独体字包含的文化信息如何有效地运用到汉字教学课堂中去进行了简单的举例说明,并简要概述了课堂教学中运用这些文化信息应该遵守的几个重要原则。
[Abstract]:Difficult to remember Chinese characters has become the bottleneck for many foreign learners to learn Chinese well, but also restricts the development of Chinese international education. With the in-depth research on Chinese character teaching and the emergence of various research results, more and more scholars have noticed the characteristics and advantages of Chinese characters. This kind of ideographic characters, which are used continuously, not only records the Chinese language, but also shows the characteristics and advantages of Chinese characters. It also records the course of development of the Chinese nation over the past five thousand years. In the combination of form and meaning of Chinese characters, rich cultural information has been condensed in the development and evolution of Chinese characters. Since ancient times, there have been a lot of researches on cultural information contained in the form and meaning of Chinese characters, and a lot of achievements have been made. However, from the point of view of Chinese character teaching, the systematic analysis of typical cultural information in the form and meaning of Chinese characters is rare. In this paper, the lexical hierarchy of syllabic Chinese characters used in Chinese international education (Chinese alphabet) is taken as the research scope, and the unique characters with strong word formation ability are taken as the cutting angle. This paper systematically analyzes the typical cultural information which can reflect the cultural characteristics of Chinese society in the form and meaning of these unique characters. On the one hand, these typical cultural information in Chinese characters can enrich teachers' own cultural knowledge and improve teachers' professional accomplishment, on the other hand, they can also help learners to understand the combination of form and meaning of Chinese characters and the law of writing as soon as possible. Change to memorize, mechanical memory for meaningful learning. This paper is divided into five parts: the first part briefly summarizes the definition of the concept of single character, its position and function in teaching, and the definition of cultural information of Chinese characters, its position and function in teaching; In the second part, the distribution of monosyllabic characters and monosyllabic characters containing typical cultural information in Chinese syllabic Chinese characters for international education (Chinese alphabet) is investigated and counted. In the third part, on the basis of consulting previous research results, we systematically analyze 168 single characters with typical cultural information in form and meaning, and classify and describe them according to the types they belong to. In the fourth part, we give a simple example of how the cultural information contained in these unique characters can be effectively used in the teaching of Chinese characters. Some important principles should be observed in the use of these cultural information in classroom teaching are also briefly summarized.
【学位授予单位】：黑龙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：H195

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