《雷雨》、《西厢记》复音词对比研究

发布时间：2019-06-20 04:24

【摘要】：复音词专书研究是汉语词汇研究的重要内容之一,它可以包括纵横两方面。首先,对复音词进行横向的专书研究可以展现出不同时期汉语复音词的特点和规律。在此基础上,联系各个时期的语言事实来看它们之间的继承、发展和异同,可以对不同时期的汉语复音词进行纵向的比较研究。可见,通过专书断代性的研究可以为研究汉语词汇史奠定基础。元杂剧和话剧分别是反映近代汉语和现代汉语时期汉语词汇面貌的重要载体,《西厢记》和《雷雨》正是这两个时期的典型文本,它们是研究近现代时期汉语词汇发展状况的重要语料。本文通过穷尽式的研究,对这两本书的复音词进行了全面的共时描写。从词法、词义等角度切入,力求对《西厢记》和《雷雨》中的复音词作一个全而的描述,探讨其反映的各自时期的复音词的特点及规律。同时,将它们放在词汇史的发展长河中,在详尽描写的基础上对两本书的复音词进行细致地对比、分析,对近现代复音词的发展、演变情况作历时的研究,探求汉语复音词发展的一般规律。本文共分六个部分：第一部分：综述《西厢记》、《雷雨》的研究价值及现状,同时确定复音词的界定标准第二部分到第四部分：从词法、词义等角度分别对《西厢记》、《雷雨》中的单纯复音词、合成复音词(联合式、偏正式、补充式、动宾式、主谓式、重叠式)及附加式复音词进行归纳,对其在各自时代的发展情况作出详尽的描写,并在此基础上把《西厢记》、《雷雨》的单纯复音词、合成复音词及附加式复音词纳入到汉语历史发展的进程中去考察,对其进行历时和共时的比较,在对比中揭示出两书复音词的特点。第五部分：陈列出两书中本文无法归类的复音词。第六部分：结语部分。在前文描写、对比分析的基础上,归纳出《西厢记》、《雷雨》中复音词的特点,管窥从近代汉语到现代汉语时期复音词的发展规律。经本文对比分析可知,从《西厢记》到《雷雨》,汉语复音化的趋势依旧在继续。总体地来刊,复音词的内部结构变化不大；和语音构词相比,语法构词不断强化；具体来看,就复音词内部而言,不同的构词方式表现各有异同,呈现出不平衡的发展特点。
[Abstract]:The study of polysyllabic words is one of the important contents of Chinese vocabulary research, which can include both vertical and horizontal aspects. First of all, the horizontal study of polysyllabic words can show the characteristics and laws of Chinese polysyllabic words in different periods. On this basis, the inheritance, development and similarities and differences between them can be seen in the light of the linguistic facts of each period, and a longitudinal comparative study of Chinese polysyllabic words in different periods can be carried out. It can be seen that the study of the chronicality of special books can lay a foundation for the study of the history of Chinese vocabulary. Yuan Zaju and Drama are important carriers to reflect the appearance of Chinese vocabulary in modern Chinese and modern Chinese respectively. Western Chamber and thunderstorm are the typical texts of these two periods, which are important corpus to study the development of Chinese vocabulary in modern and modern times. Through the exhaustive study, this paper makes a comprehensive synchronic description of the polysyllabic words in these two books. From the point of view of lexical meaning, this paper tries to make a complete description of the polysyllabic words in the West Chamber and thunderstorm, and probes into the characteristics and laws of the polysyllabic words in their respective periods. At the same time, they are put in the development of vocabulary history, on the basis of detailed description, the polysyllabic words of the two books are compared, analyzed, the development and evolution of modern polysyllabic words are studied diachronically, and the general law of the development of Chinese polysyllabic words is explored. This paper is divided into six parts: the first part: summarize the research value and present situation of "West Chamber" and "thunderstorm", and determine the definition standard of polyphonic words from the second part to the fourth part: from the point of view of lexical and word meaning, the simple polyphonic words in West Chamber and thunderstorm are synthesized (joint, partial formal, supplementary, verb-object, subject-predicate, etc.) The reduplicated and additional polysyllabic words are summarized, and their development in their respective times is described in detail. On this basis, the simple polysyllabic words, synthetic polysyllabic words and additional polysyllabic words in the West Chamber and thunderstorm are brought into the process of Chinese historical development, and the diachronic and synchronic comparison is carried out, and the characteristics of the two polysyllabic words are revealed in the contrast. The fifth part: display the two books can not be classified in this paper polyphonic words. The sixth part: the conclusion part. On the basis of the description and contrastive analysis above, this paper sums up the characteristics of polysyllabic words in West Chamber and thunderstorm, and looks at the development law of polysyllabic words from modern Chinese to modern Chinese. Through the comparative analysis of this paper, it can be seen that from the West Chamber to thunderstorm, the trend of Chinese polyphonic continues. Generally speaking, the internal structure of polysyllabic words has not changed much; compared with phonetic word formation, grammatical word formation is constantly strengthened. Specifically, as far as the interior of polysyllabic words is concerned, the different forms of word formation have their own similarities and differences, showing unbalanced development characteristics.
【学位授予单位】：中央民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H136

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