宋代论诗绝句研究

发布时间：2018-06-24 19:41

本文选题：宋诗 + 论诗绝句　；参考：《沈阳师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：论诗绝句作为论诗诗的一支,在整个论诗诗数量中占相当比重,这种形式既打破了以文论诗的严肃性,又以诗的语言品评诗人诗作,揭示诗艺和诗理。本文以宋代论诗绝句为研究对象,对其所评的诗人和诗作及诗学理论进行分析,重点论述论诗绝句评论的热点问题,充分挖掘宋代论诗绝句不同于各个朝代的个性特征。论文分为五个部分:第一部分析了宋代论诗绝句的概况和其兴盛的原因。据统计,宋代论诗绝句一共有77家352首作品,北宋19家54首,南宋58家298首。由于理学的大兴与喜好议论的习气,加上宋诗创作形式的解放,禅宗和论诗绝句的相互促进等因素的影响,宋代诗人继承杜甫论诗绝句创作之势,使论诗绝句空前繁荣。第二部分论述了宋代论诗绝句的内容,分别评论历代诗人和诗作。对于诗人的评论,在文中一共选取了出现次数较多且具有代表性的六位诗人:杜甫、陶渊明、屈原、贾岛、陈与义、张耒。同样也选出了宋诗人评论最多的六篇作品进行论述:潘阆《谢寇元外准见示诗卷》、苏轼《世传徐凝瀑布诗云一条界破青山色至为尘陋又伪作乐天诗称羡此句有赛不得之语乐天虽涉浅易岂止是哉乃戏作一绝》、杨万里的《题山庄小集》、杨万里《读退之李花诗》、陆游《读陶诗》、萧立之的《题危定之芳洲吟卷》。第三部分论述了论诗绝句中评论的宋代诗学热点问题,一是李杜优劣的争议,有扬杜不抑李的,以苏轼为代表,当然学杜规模最大的还是江西诗派;有偏李而抑李的,以李觏为代表;也有并称李杜的,以黄庭坚最为突出。二是对江西诗法的探讨:首先作诗要参悟前人的诗作,等完全掌握其方法后,就要“活”,慢慢跳出其窠臼,摆脱句法方面的束缚。熟悉一定的方法后,则开始寻找构思内容,无论是闭门觅句还是造访自然,感触而发,最终都需要通过“悟”来点透。第四部分论述了论诗绝句中总结的诗人创作技巧,常以自然作为取法对象,在学习前人优秀诗作的同时有所突破,做到既师古又创新。有的诗人还会注重作品里反映出的诗情和画意。第五部分析了宋代论诗绝句艺术上的独特之处。宋代论诗绝句把禅学引进绝句之中,做到了雅俗并存,让论诗绝句渐渐走入大众视野,也使点悟式的文学批评方式发扬光大;反其义而论之的翻案诗,表明了诗人独特的思维方式。
[Abstract]:Quatrains, as a branch of poetry, account for a considerable proportion of the total number of poems. This form not only breaks the seriousness of literary poetry, but also criticizes poets' poems in terms of their language, thus revealing their poetic skills and principles. This article takes the poetry quatrains of the Song Dynasty as the research object, analyzes the poets and poetic works and poetics theory, discusses the hot issues in the comment on poetry quatrains, and fully excavates the personality characteristics of the poems quatrains in the Song Dynasty which are different from each other in each dynasty. The thesis is divided into five parts: the first part analyzes the general situation of the quatrains in the Song Dynasty and the reasons for its prosperity. According to statistics, there are 77 poems and 352 poems in Song Dynasty, 19 in Northern Song Dynasty, 54 in Northern Song Dynasty, and 298 in Southern Song Dynasty. Due to the popularity of Neo-Confucianism and the habit of argumentation, the liberation of the form of poetry creation in Song Dynasty and the mutual promotion of Zen Buddhism and poetic quatrains, the poets of Song Dynasty inherited the tendency of du Fu's creation of quatrains on poems, which made the quatrains of poetry more prosperous than ever. The second part discusses the content of poetry quatrains in Song Dynasty and comments on poets and poems of all dynasties. For the comments of poets, six poets are selected in this paper: du Fu, Tao Yuanming, qu Yuan, Jia Dao, Chen Yue Yi and Zhang Lei. He also selected the six most commented poems of the Song Dynasty: pan Lang (Xie Kou Yuan), Su Shi's poem of Xu Ning Falls, a poem of Xu Ning Falls, one of the most humble and fake poems on the Qingshan Mountains, and the admiration of this sentence. "not the language of joy, although easy to do is not only a play," Yang Wanli's "the title of the Hill", Yang Wanli "read the retired Li Hua poem", Lu you "read pottery poetry", Xiao Lizhi's "Fangzhou Yin Scroll with a dangerous theme". The third part discusses the hot poetics of Song Dynasty commented on in the quatrains of poetry. One is the controversy about Li du's merits and demerits. Those who do not restrain Li are represented by Su Shi. Of course, those who study du on the largest scale are still Jiangxi poetic school, and those who are biased against Li and Li's. Li Gou as a representative; also known as Li du, Huang Tingjian is the most prominent. The second is the discussion of Jiangxi poetic method: first of all, we should understand the previous poems, and after we have mastered their methods, we should "live" and slowly get out of the rut and get rid of the bondage of syntax. After being familiar with certain methods, they begin to look for ideas, whether they are searching for words behind closed doors or visiting nature. The fourth part discusses the poet's creative skills summarized in the quatrains of poetry, often taking nature as the object of learning from the outstanding poems of the predecessors and making breakthroughs, so that he can not only master the ancient times but also innovate. Some poets also pay attention to the poetic feelings and paintings reflected in the works. The fifth part analyzes the unique features of quatrains in Song Dynasty. Poetry quatrains of the Song Dynasty introduced Zen into the quatrains, so that elegant and vulgar coexistence, so that poetry quatrains gradually into the public view, but also make the point of literary criticism way to carry forward; contrary to its justice of the case of poetry, It shows the poet's unique way of thinking.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I207.22

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