论《史记》中司马迁好“奇”的审美倾向

发布时间：2018-08-16 12:08

【摘要】：司马迁的《史记》是一部伟大的史学和文学著作,它的内容之广博,述史之精确,文采之斐然,为历代读者所称道。由于受到历史传统、家学渊源、时代背景以及个人独特的人生遭际的影响,司马迁在写作《史记》的过程中鲜明地体现出好“奇”的审美倾向。本篇论文希望细考其成因,总结其在《史记》文本中的具体体现,并探讨这一独特的审美倾向对后世文学的深刻影响。本文分为四个部分,首先概括总结先秦诸子对于“奇”的定义。第二部分则试图从《史记》中的人物描写、人物计谋和人物功业三个方面着手进行分析,从而展示出司马迁好“奇”的审美倾向在《史记》文本中的具体表现。第三部分从传统文化的影响、家学渊源——父亲司马谈的影响、司马迁自身壮游经历的影响、司马迁所处时代及个人遭际的影响四个方面进行分析,深入探讨司马迁好“奇”这一独特审美倾向的成因。第四部分以魏晋风度、盛唐诗风和《红楼梦》之“奇文”为例,对司马迁好“奇”这一审美倾向对后世文学的影响进行分析。结语对全文所探究的内容进行了回顾和总结。司马迁写作《史记》,“爱奇反经之尤”为学术界所公认。这一独特审美倾向的成因受到无数研究者的重视和研讨。司马迁好“奇”,是爱好智勇双全、有胆有识、唯大英雄能本色的人物,是赞扬奇特壮烈的行止。具体到《史记》文本的创作中,则是对奇人奇事奇业的高度褒奖与充分肯定。这一独特的审美倾向的形成有着作家自身内在和外在条件的共同影响,而后世对于这一审美倾向的传承则充分体现了司马迁好“奇”的审美倾向的价值所在。
[Abstract]:Si Maqian's Records of History is a great historical and literary work. Influenced by the historical tradition, the origin of family, the background of the times and the individual's unique experience in life, Si Maqian clearly embodies the aesthetic tendency of "strange" in the process of writing the Records of the historian. This paper hopes to examine its causes, summarize its concrete embodiment in the text of Records of the historian, and discuss the profound influence of this unique aesthetic tendency on the later literature. This paper is divided into four parts. Firstly, it summarizes the definition of "Qi" by the pre-Qin philosophers. In the second part, the author tries to analyze the description of characters, the tactics of characters and the achievements of characters in the Book of History, so as to show the specific expression of Si Maqian's aesthetic tendency in the text of Records of History. The third part analyzes from four aspects: the influence of traditional culture, the origin of family-the influence of Sima's father, the influence of Si Maqian's own strong travel experience, the age of Si Maqian and the influence of personal encounter. This paper probes into the causes of the unique aesthetic tendency of Si Maqian. The fourth part takes Wei and Jin style, poetic style of prosperous Tang Dynasty and "Qiwen" of A Dream of Red Mansions as examples to analyze the influence of Si Maqian's aesthetic tendency on later literature. The conclusion reviews and summarizes the contents of this paper. Si Maqian wrote the Records of History, "the Eqi Anti-Sutra" is recognized by the academic community. The cause of this unique aesthetic tendency has been paid attention to and discussed by numerous researchers. Si Maqian good "strange", is a love of intelligence, courage, only heroes can be true characters, is to praise the strange heroic action. In the creation of the text of the Book of History, it is highly praised and fully affirmed to the strange man, the strange thing and the strange industry. The formation of this unique aesthetic tendency has the common influence of the writer's own internal and external conditions, and the inheritance of this aesthetic tendency by later generations fully reflects the value of Si Maqian's good "strange" aesthetic tendency.
【学位授予单位】：长春理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I207.5

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