“新感性”与美术教育的思考

发布时间：2019-01-23 11:12

【摘要】：本文中通过对马尔库塞“新感性”思想的研究以及当下美术教育现状的观察和思考,意图揭示出我们身处的这个社会环境对于人性以及对于美术教育的影响。感性的异化使人们盲目地去追求物质的满足,随波逐流而不加以思考只会使这种异化不断增强。由社会进步而带来的技术理性是一种统治社会的力量,同样也是对人性的压抑和禁锢,会对人形成操纵和控制,使人失去批判性、否定性。而艺术对于现实的反抗性,使它可以打破这种感性的禁锢,将麻木、盲从的感性“消除掉”,解开压抑。艺术对于构建“新感性”有着无可替代的作用,那么美术教育在其间使命可想而知。艺术无法改变世界,但却可以改变世间男女的思想意识,而世间的男女们是可以去改变世界的。美术教育是艺术和普通人之间的桥梁,通过美育学习,使得艺术可以被翻译,蕴藏在其中的思想可以被更多的人所接收。然而,当下中国美术教育领域的普遍思潮却牢牢被“应试”、商业或其他种种现实因素掌控,如此以来,美育仅仅是作为一种能够接近目标、获得利益的工具存在,其背后的艺术力量被现实大大削弱。我认为,这是当下的美术教育者应该重视和思考的问题。美术教育的内容被扭曲,目标被转移。那么,实际上艺术就成为了与语言学科、理科相同的工具性的学科。艺术是追求自由的,所以它对于现实具有反抗性,对于现状能够及时反思和思考,正因如此,艺术是不可或缺的。本文基于当下的社会现状、当下美育现状和马尔库塞的“新感性”出发,思考三者的连结之处何在,提出美术教育对于人性教育的不可或缺之处以及思考在唤回人们健康的感性、构建“新感性”方面,美术教育应该怎么做。
[Abstract]:Through the study of Marcuse's "new sensibility" and the present situation of art education, this paper intends to reveal the influence of this social environment on human nature and art education. Perceptual alienation makes people blindly pursue material satisfaction. The technological rationality brought by the social progress is a kind of power to rule the society, and it is also the suppression and imprisonment of the human nature, which will control and manipulate the human beings and make them lose their criticism and negation. The resistance of art to reality makes it break the imprison of sensibility, "eliminate" the sensibility of numbness and blindness, and untie repression. Art plays an irreplaceable role in the construction of "new sensibility", so the mission of art education can be imagined. Art can't change the world, but it can change the minds of men and women, and men and women can change the world. Art education is a bridge between art and ordinary people. Through aesthetic education, art can be translated and the ideas contained therein can be accepted by more people. However, the current general trend of thought in the field of art education in China is firmly controlled by "examination-oriented", commercial or other realistic factors. Thus, aesthetic education exists only as a tool that can reach the goal and gain benefits. The artistic power behind it was greatly weakened by reality. In my opinion, this is the current art educators should pay attention to and think about the problem. The content of art education is distorted and the goal is shifted. In fact, then, art has become the same instrumental discipline as language and science. Art is the pursuit of freedom, so it has resistance to reality, and can reflect and reflect on the present situation in time, which is why art is indispensable. Based on the current social situation, the present aesthetic education situation and Marcuse's "new sensibility", this paper considers where the three links lie. The article points out that art education is indispensable to human nature education and how to do it in order to call back people's healthy sensibility and construct "new sensibility".
【学位授予单位】：湖北美术学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：J0-4

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