南阳市中心城区公园用地适宜性分析

发布时间：2019-05-03 20:41

【摘要】：城市公园作为城市中独一具备生命力的主要绿色基础设施,是城市精神文明和生态文明建设的载体。合理地布局城市公园绿地,能够提升城市环境质量,提高居民幸福指数。然而公园的规划以及布局牵涉到多方因素,有生态环境因素、社会因素、文化因素以及经济因素。在传统的公园系统规划中常常顾此失彼,很难有一个科学合理地标准与尺度提供借鉴。公园用地适宜性分析能够很好地为规划者提供一个可视化、定量化的数据支撑。适宜性分析需要结合公园属性特征并且深入挖掘影响公园规划布局的关键因素,从而寻求最适宜建设为公园的土地。本课题正是基于此目的,以南阳市中心城区为例,探讨了适宜于南阳市的城市公园用地的适宜性分析标准。通过实地调研和文献查阅,了解了南阳市中心城区公园绿地建设现状。以及存在的问题:(1)公园可达性不高,分布不均匀。南阳市公园主要分布在白河。导致老城区以及白河南沿岸严重缺乏绿地;(2)公园绿地布局失衡,旧城区新增公园压力大。在南阳市旧城区,由于城市建筑密度大,人口多,拆迁工作难做等因素,导致老城区扩增绿地困难;(3)南阳市历史文化悠久,但文物被周边建筑侵蚀严重,文物氛围破坏严重;(4)公园绿地规模较小、景观特点不突出。中心城区现状公共绿地大多为规模较小的小游园、街头绿地,大型综合公园较为缺乏。借鉴麦克哈格的用地适宜性分析原理和“千层饼”模式,通过实地调研和分析,查阅相关文献,参考了用地适宜性在城市用地分析中的方法要领,总结出适用于南阳市公园用地适宜性的评价标准。该标准选取了6个评价因子:(1)公园可达性;(2)用地性质;(3)建筑高度;(4)文化景点;(5)自然水体;(6)热岛分析。在yaaph平台,采用层次分析法,经多位专家评价分析给出了南阳市公园用地评价因子间的权重。在Arcgis9.3平台,采用栅格叠加运算,最终绘制出南阳市公园用地适宜性分析图。通过分析得出,南阳市用地适宜性分布规律为:公园用地适宜性等级最高的区域主要分布在城市外围,城市中心公园用地适宜性较低,白河南岸公园用地适宜度高于北岸。
[Abstract]:As the only major green infrastructure with vitality in the city, urban park is the carrier of urban spiritual civilization and ecological civilization construction. Rational layout of urban park green space can improve the quality of urban environment and improve the residents' happiness index. However, park planning and layout involves many factors, such as eco-environmental factors, social factors, cultural factors and economic factors. In the traditional park system planning, it is difficult to have a scientific and reasonable standard and scale for reference. The analysis of park land suitability can provide a visual and quantitative data support for planners. In order to find the most suitable land for park construction, the suitability analysis needs to combine the characteristics of park attributes and dig out the key factors that affect the planning and layout of the park in order to find the most suitable land for park construction. For this purpose, taking the central urban area of Nanyang City as an example, this paper discusses the suitability analysis standard of urban park land suitable for Nanyang City. Through on-the-spot investigation and literature review, the present situation of park green space construction in central city of Nanyang city is understood. And the existing problems: (1) the park reachability is not high, the distribution is not uniform. The park in Nanyang City is mainly distributed in Baihe River. It leads to the serious lack of green space in the old city and the south coast of Baihe River; (2) the unbalance of the green space layout of the park and the pressure of the new park. In the old urban area of Nanyang, it is difficult to expand the green space because of the large building density, the large population, the difficulty of demolition and so on in the old urban area of Nanyang. (3) Nanyang has a long history and culture, but the cultural relics are eroded seriously by the surrounding buildings, and the cultural relics atmosphere is destroyed seriously; (4) the green space in the park is small in scale and the landscape characteristics are not prominent. The status quo of public green space in central urban areas is mostly small-scale small garden, street green space, large-scale comprehensive park is lack. Referring to McHagrid's principle of land suitability analysis and "thousand layer cake" model, through field investigation and analysis, consulting relevant literature, referring to the method of land suitability in urban land use analysis, The evaluation criteria applicable to the suitability of park land in Nanyang were summarized. The criteria selected six evaluation factors: (1) park accessibility; (2) land use; (3) building height; (4) cultural attractions; (5) natural water; (6) heat island analysis. On the platform of yaaph, the weight of evaluation factors of park land in Nanyang city is given by using analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and multi-expert evaluation analysis. On the Arcgis9.3 platform, the grid overlay operation is used to draw the map of the suitability of the park land in Nanyang. According to the analysis, the distribution rule of land suitability in Nanyang is as follows: the area with the highest grade of park land suitability is mainly distributed in the periphery of the city, the land suitability of urban central park is lower, and the suitability degree of park land on the south bank of Baihe River is higher than that on the north bank.
【学位授予单位】：河南农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU986.5

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