浙江省磐安县仰头村《炼火》仪式的音声民族志

发布时间：2018-03-17 09:33

本文选题：炼火　切入点：仪式中音声　出处：《上海音乐学院》2010年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：《炼火》是一种在特定的时间举行,为特定的信仰神“跑炼乌金”,通过在烧红了的火炭上行走而达到祛邪祈福的火信仰仪式。本论文选取浙江省金华市磐安县深泽乡仰头村的《炼火》仪式为研究对象,从仪式中音声切入,把音声置于信仰体系中来探究音声、仪式、信仰三者之间的互动关系,建构《炼火》仪式的“音声民族志”。本论文由绪论、正文三章和结论组成。绪论主要交代论文的研究对象、目的和田野所获资料的依据,并就研究中涉及的相关概念给以界定,梳理和评述学界相关研究状况,以及提出关及论文研究的方法学思考。第一章的主旨是力图厘清《炼火》与其社会人文生态环境、各地火信仰仪式和地方信仰三者之间的关系。本章提出《炼火》是一种与借火驱虫害、祈年答谢相关的祭祀活动。通过《炼火》仪式的展现,把并存于民间的巫、师/道、佛等多重信仰观串联为一个“朱相公信仰”整体,作用于当地的民众。第二章对口头叙事、民间书写和现场实录三种文本进行描述和比较,试图从多维度的视角建构对《炼火》仪式的理解,作为音声民族志文本建构的基础。三种文本互为补充,是历时与共时对仪式及其音声的整体反映。第三章以局内观结合“近～远”两极变量思维方法,用“核心-中间-表层”三个层次来理解《炼火》各仪式环节及其音声的“近～远”属性。重点分析了三方面的问题：一是对三个层次内音声的运用及其形态结构特征进行分析：二是分析仪式中音声的地域性与跨地域性因素；三是从“神圣与世俗”、“音声的多重象征意义”两方面对仪式中音声作进一步阐释。本章指出音声作为沟通神佛的钥匙,指向了族人以“敬”、“敬+娱”、“娱”之多重音声祈求神佛的福佑,从而达到平安兴旺之终极目的。“神圣”(“近神圣”音声)与“世俗”(“近世俗”音声)在一个仪式场景及同一意义中相互融合,化合于当地村民的日常生活当中。结论部分总括全文,并进一步阐释《炼火》仪式音声表象背后的文化意义,揭示了信仰借助仪式及其音声象征符号,精心营造出一种实在的氛围和“真实”的在场感,向人们展示了一个“人与宇宙和谐均衡”的终极空间。
[Abstract]:Fire is held at a certain time, The fire belief ceremony of "running and refining wujin" for a specific belief god, through walking on the burned charcoal, was used to dispel evil spirits and pray for blessings. This paper selected the "Fire chain" ceremony in Yangtou Village, Shenze Township, Panan County, Jinhua City, Zhejiang Province as the research object. In this paper, the author discusses the interaction among the sound, ceremony and belief by cutting the sound into the belief system, and constructs the ethnography of the sound and sound in the ritual. This paper is composed of introduction, three chapters and conclusions. The introduction mainly explains the research object, the purpose and the basis of the data obtained in the field, and defines the relevant concepts involved in the research, combs and reviews the relevant research situation in academic circles. And put forward the methodology of related and paper research. The main purpose of the first chapter is to clarify the relationship between "fire smelting" and its social, human and ecological environment, fire belief rituals and local beliefs. Through the display of the ceremony of "Fire chain", the multi-faith views such as witches, teachers / Taoists, Buddhas and so on, which coexist in the people, are linked together into a whole of "Zhu Xianggong's beliefs", acting on the local people. The second chapter describes and compares the three texts of oral narration, folk writing and live record, and tries to construct the understanding of "Fire chain" ritual from a multi-dimensional perspective, which is the basis of the construction of the text of phonological ethnography. The three texts complement each other. It is a diachronic and synchronic reflection of the ritual and its sound. The third chapter combines the "near to far" bipolar variable thinking method. Three levels of "core-middle-surface layer" are used to understand the "near ~ far" attributes of each ritual link and sound sound of "Fire chain". Three problems are emphatically analyzed: first, the application of internal sound of three levels and its morphological knot. The second is to analyze the regional and transregional factors of the sound in the ceremony; The third is to further explain the sound of ritual mediums from the aspects of "sacred and secular" and "the multiple symbolic significance of sound". This chapter points out that sound is the key to communication between God and Buddha. Pointing to the people with "respect", "respect for entertainment", "entertainment" so many voices to pray for the blessing of God Buddha, So as to achieve the ultimate goal of peace and prosperity. "Divine" ("near sacred" sound) and "secular" ("near secular" sound) in a ritual scene and in the same sense, combined in the daily life of local villagers. The conclusion summarizes the full text, and further explains the cultural meaning behind the sound acoustics of the ritual, and reveals that the belief, with the help of the ceremony and its phonetic symbols, has carefully created a real atmosphere and a sense of "reality" in the presence. It shows us the ultimate space of harmony and equilibrium between man and universe.
【学位授予单位】：上海音乐学院
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：J607

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