音乐短时记忆的测量与比较研究

发布时间：2018-05-31 04:43

本文选题：非音乐短时记忆 + 音乐短时记忆　；参考：《西北师范大学》2006年硕士论文

【摘要】： 对短时记忆的研究业已渗透到各个具体的研究领域。音乐短时记忆能力的发展一直受到音乐教育和器乐演奏研究者的关注。本研究试图通过实证的方式，探讨音乐短时记忆中存在的一些重要问题，并提供有效的解决策略。本论文引用大量的已有研究成果，描述了非音乐短时记忆的发展轨迹，，罗列了音乐短时记忆已有的研究方向，介绍了音乐短时记忆的多项实证研究及尚未解决的问题。在深入学习研究短时记忆理论的基础上，笔者结合现实音乐教学情境，对高等院校音乐专业学生的音乐短时记忆能力进行了测量。测量维度主要涉及四个方面：(1)记忆策略对音乐短时记忆效果的影响，(2)对大调式、小调式以及民族调式的感知，(3)对2／4拍、3／4拍、4／4拍以及6／8拍等四种节拍的感知，(4)不同音乐专业方向学习者的记忆差异。本研究第一实验组和第二实验组的被试分别为西北师范大学音乐学院04级表演班的本科生和04级音乐学专业的硕士研究生。每个被试都要完成记忆广度任务，研究结果显示： 1．第二实验组被试的音乐短时记忆成绩好于第一实验组被试的音乐短时记忆成绩。这说明，运用一定的记忆策略有助于提高音乐短时记忆的效果。 2．大调式虽然在第4小节的成绩上高于小调式以及民族调式，但是，三种调式在整体记忆成绩上并未存在明显差异。 3．在对2／4拍、3／4拍、4／4拍以及6／8拍的感知上，4／4拍整体记忆成绩略好于其它三种节拍，但是这种差异并不显著。 4．从第一实验组和第二实验组的错误率统计结果来看，第1小节和第8小节错误率最低，出错率最高在第5、6、7小节。 5．研究显示，器乐专业音乐短时记忆能力较强，其次为音乐教育理论、西方音乐史及中国传统音乐研究专业和作曲理论专业，声乐专业成绩较低。在测量所得结论的基础上，笔者分析了本研究存在的局限及不足之处。探讨了现有音乐记忆能力培养存在的问题，并对今后的音乐记忆发展提出了自己的观点。同时，为进一步深入地研究音乐长时记忆——背谱问题提出了意见。
[Abstract]:The study of short-term memory has penetrated into various specific research fields. The development of music short-term memory has been paid much attention by the researchers of music education and instrumental music playing. This study attempts to explore some important problems in music short-term memory through empirical research and provide effective solutions. This paper cites a large number of existing research results, describes the development of non-musical short-term memory, lists the existing research direction of music short-term memory, and introduces a number of empirical research and unsolved problems of music short-term memory. On the basis of deeply studying the theory of short-term memory, the author measures the ability of music short-term memory of students majoring in music in colleges and universities in combination with the actual music teaching situation. The measurement dimension mainly involves four aspects: (1) the effect of memory strategy on the short-term memory effect of music. The difference of memory of learners in different music major direction is that the perception of two / four / four beats and six eight beats is different in different aspects of music professional direction learners' perception of small tone and national mode of perception is 3) 3 / 4) 4 / 4 (4 / 4) and 6 / 8 (4 / 8) respectively) the difference of learners' memory in different music majors. The subjects of the first and second experimental groups in this study were the undergraduate students of Grade 04 of the Music College of Northwest normal University and the Master of Musicology of Grade 04, respectively. Each participant was asked to complete the memory span task. The results showed that: 1. The music short-term memory score of the second experimental group was better than that of the first experimental group. This shows that the use of certain memory strategies is helpful to improve the effect of music short-term memory. 2. Although the performance of the big mode is higher than that of the minor mode and the national mode in the fourth section, there is no obvious difference between the three modes in the overall memory performance. 3. In terms of perception of 2 / 4, 4 / 4, 4 / 4 and 6 / 8, overall memory performance was slightly better than the other three, but the difference was not significant. 4. According to the statistical results of the first and second experimental groups, the first and eighth sections have the lowest error rate and the highest error rate is in the 5th and 7th section. 5. The research shows that instrumental music majors have strong short-term memory ability, followed by music education theory, western music history, Chinese traditional music studies and composition theory, and vocal music professional scores are lower. On the basis of the results obtained, the author analyzes the limitations and shortcomings of this study. This paper probes into the existing problems in the cultivation of musical memory and puts forward its own views on the development of musical memory in the future. At the same time, some suggestions are put forward for the further study of the long-term memory-back spectrum of music.
【学位授予单位】：西北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2006
【分类号】：J60

【引证文献】