乐队演奏员注意分配的机制研究

发布时间：2018-06-26 18:29

本文选题：演奏员 + 注意分配　；参考：《首都师范大学》2006年硕士论文

【摘要】：“注意”是心理学与音乐心理学学科的一个研究领域。追溯学科发展的历史进程，其经历了构造主义学派的初创时期，行为主义流派的“停滞”与格式塔流派的合并等低迷时期。直至20世纪70年代认知心理学流派重新受到重视并确立了其独立研究地位，注意分配理论研究才受到重视，并在实验方面不断得到验证和丰富。国内外音乐心理学领域的注意研究(注意分配)主要集中在音乐音响心理研究中的旋律、音高、节奏等基本表现要素方面，音乐表演心理研究中的乐器技能训练、乐队合奏等方面，音乐教育心理研究中的音乐认知与音乐记忆、音乐脑科学等方面。可以认为，有关音乐注意的研究涉及面较为广泛。本研究收集、整理并分析大量以音乐心理学为主线的注意研究的文献资料，调查了其与一些交叉学科的关系及发展前景，将研究的主要目光集中在“乐队演奏员注意分配的机制研究”这一研究课题。选择这一题目，一是因为这是一个比较新颖的、富有挑战性的问题，二是因为该选题同时具备音乐心理学有关注意理论的基础研究价值和对音乐艺术表演实践的一定程度上的实际应用价值。本研究希望通过对认知心理学注意分配理论和国外“乐队合奏中的注意分配研究”理论的探讨，丰富音乐心理学有关“注意”的基础理论，并结合实际对演奏员的注意分配机制问题进行实验研究，从而体现本研究的意义与价值。本研究中所涉及的实验属基础研究实验。实验采用多种科学方法进行，包括重复测量一个因素的三因素混合设计法、反应时记录法、问卷调查法、Presentation软件编程及多种统计方法。实验表明，注意分配中的多重分配理论还不完善，本文认为注意资源分配中存在中枢机制控制环节，可以对不同感觉道的资源分配起到调节作用；注意的容量资源有限，刺激强度对感觉道容量资源的信息加工有影响；个体机能存在内部结构差异，技能差异可以通过训练逐渐减小；本研究有助于演奏员了解注意分配活动过程的认知特征，提高在乐队合奏中的控制能力，为达到好的音响效果起着重要促进作用。
[Abstract]:Attention is a research field in psychology and music psychology. Tracing back to the historical process of discipline development, it has gone through the initial period of constructivism, the stagnation of behaviorism and the combination of Gestalt. It was not until the 1970s that the school of cognitive psychology was revalued and its independent research status was established, and the theory of attention distribution was paid more attention to, and it was constantly verified and enriched in the field of experiments. Attention research in the field of music psychology at home and abroad (attention distribution) mainly focuses on melody, pitch, rhythm and other basic performance elements in the study of music and sound psychology, and musical instrument skill training in the research of music performance psychology. Music cognition and music memory, music brain science and so on. It can be considered that the study of musical attention involves a wide range of areas. This study collected, collated and analyzed a large number of literature on attention research with the main line of music psychology, and investigated its relationship with some interdisciplinary disciplines and its development prospects. The main focus of this research is on the mechanism of band players' attention allocation. One reason for choosing this topic is because it is a relatively new and challenging question. The second reason is that this topic has the basic research value of the attention theory of music psychology and the practical application value to the music art performance practice to a certain extent at the same time. The purpose of this study is to enrich the basic theory of attention in music psychology by discussing the theory of attention distribution in cognitive psychology and the theory of attention distribution in band ensemble abroad. Combined with the actual situation, this paper makes an experimental study on the attention distribution mechanism of the players, thus reflecting the significance and value of this study. The experiment involved in this study is a basic research experiment. The experiment was carried out by a variety of scientific methods, including a three-factor mixed design method for repeated measurement of one factor, a response time recording method, a questionnaire survey method and presentation software programming and a variety of statistical methods. The experiment shows that the theory of multiple redistribution in attention allocation is not perfect. This paper holds that there is central mechanism control in attention resource allocation, which can regulate the resource allocation of different sensory channels, and the capacity of attention is limited. The intensity of stimulation has an effect on the processing of sensory tract capacity resources; there are internal structural differences in individual functions, and the differences in skills can be gradually reduced through training. This study helps the players to understand the cognitive characteristics of attention allocation activities. Improving the control ability in band ensemble plays an important role in achieving sound effect.
【学位授予单位】：首都师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2006
【分类号】：J60-05

【参考文献】