中国南北方民间音乐律制对比研究

发布时间：2018-06-27 12:49

本文选题：律学 + 律学测量　；参考：《中央音乐学院》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文的研究对象是20世纪20至70年代录制的中国南北方民间戏曲、说唱音乐的音响中声乐唱腔部分的律制特点。笔者采用律学测量手段对这些录音进行音高测音研究,依据单音测音、旋律音程测音方法所得到的双重测音数据对比分析,进而推断出中国南北方民间音乐的基本律制。律学测量是律学研究的重要方法,也是本文的主要研究方法。自上个世纪70至90年代民间音乐律制研究者开始使用律学测音的方法研究中国民间音乐,他们所使用的测音方法、测音设备各不相同,但很少探讨律学测音实际操作中的一些细节问题,比如律学测音如何采样,律学测音中的误差问题等。笔者就这些问题,借助21世纪初新的律学测量工具和最新律学测量理论研究成果,重新探讨律学测音中的被测音律采样方法及律学测量中的误差问题,并将以上研究结果应用在本文的律学测音研究当中。笔者具体通过对十六段中国南北方民间音乐声乐唱段的律学测音研究,得出以下结论：北方民间音乐(以京剧、京韵大鼓为例)多采用以五度相生律为基础律制,并用纯律、平均律和中立音音程；南方民间音乐(以粤剧、苏州评弹为例)多采用十二平均律为基础律制,并用纯律、五度律和中立音音程。究其原因,南方民间音乐研究样本的录制时间较为靠近现代,难免受到西方音乐十二平均律音高关系的影响。笔者在本文中国南北方民间音乐律制对比研究的结果上,结合自20世纪70年代末至今的中国民间音乐律学测音研究成果后认为：中国民间音乐测音研究具有很强的地域特点,中国民间音乐律制研究应当建立以地域特点为分类依据的应用律制体系,这是发展当代乐律学学科的一条康庄大道,其意义在于不断丰富自身学科体系外,还能加强与其他音乐学科之间的联系,更是能成为促进民族音乐发展的强大原动力之一。
[Abstract]:The research object of this paper is the folk opera recorded in the 1920s and 1970s in the south and north of China. The author studies the pitch of these recordings by means of law measurement, compares and analyzes the double tone measurement data obtained by the method of single tone measurement and melodic interval measurement, and then deduces the basic law system of folk music in North and South China. The measurement of law is an important method in the study of law, and it is also the main research method in this paper. From the 1970s to the 1990s, folk music law researchers began to study Chinese folk music by using the method of phonetic measurement. The sound measuring methods used by them were different from each other. However, some detailed problems in the practical operation of phonometry are seldom discussed, such as how to sample the sound in the phonetics, the error in the measurement of the sound in the phonetics, and so on. In view of these problems, with the help of the new measuring tools and the latest theoretical research results of the law measurement in the beginning of the 21st century, the author rediscusses the sampling method of the measured sound and the error problem in the measurement of the law of sound. The above results are applied to the study of phonometry in this paper. In this paper, the author makes a detailed research on the phonological measurement of the vocal music in the south and north of China, and draws the following conclusions: the folk music in the north (taking Beijing Opera, Beijing rhyme Drum as an example) is based on the law of five degrees, and the pure law is used. In southern folk music (taking Cantonese opera, Suzhou opera as an example), the twelve-average law is used as the basic law system, and the pure law, the fifth degree law and the neutral tone interval are used. The reason is that the recording time of southern folk music research samples is close to modern time, which is unavoidably influenced by the relationship between the twelve average pitch of western music. Based on the results of the contrastive study of folk music in the south and north of China, the author considers that the study of Chinese folk music has strong regional characteristics after combining the research results of Chinese folk music from the end of 1970s to the present. The study of Chinese folk music law system should establish a system of applied law system based on regional characteristics, which is a fine road to the development of contemporary music law science, and its significance lies in enriching its own discipline system. It can also strengthen the relationship with other music disciplines and become one of the powerful driving forces to promote the development of folk music.
【学位授予单位】：中央音乐学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：J612.1

【参考文献】