浅析太原晋祠唐叔虞祠建筑艺术特征

发布时间：2018-02-22 07:50

本文关键词： 唐叔虞祠晋祠下五彩一绿彩画彩塑　出处：《山西大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：晋祠本名唐叔虞祠,是为纪念晋国王侯唐叔虞而建,本名为晋王祠,简称晋祠,自宋朝重建并增祀了圣母殿之后,祭祀重心逐渐转向圣母殿,而真正的唐叔虞祠则重建于晋祠的西南部,圣母殿东北部,至今有近八百年的历史。祠内主殿、山门建筑为元代所建,建筑结构精巧简练,属元代遗留建筑的典型代表,后经清代增建享堂、配殿、碑廊等,形成现有规模,是晋祠内仅次于圣母殿的第二大建筑。基于其独特的结构、装饰特点,本文主要从各建筑的空间结构特征、彩绘纹样色彩、三雕及彩塑特点等三方面对其进行了研究论述。整体建筑的空间组织以传统建筑中轴线布局,二进院结构,东西对称,在建筑结构上继承宋代建筑结构,又采用了元代特有的减柱法、移柱法等,使殿内结构更加简洁,同后来的明清时期繁复的建筑结构形成鲜明对比,反映出当时在蒙古族统治下衍生出的新的建筑结构形式；在彩绘装饰上,承袭了宋代所形成的装饰纹样,并结合当时当地装饰手法,理论联系实际,对祠内主殿、山门、享堂、配殿、碑廊等主要建筑的檐下彩绘进行图文相结合的对比,理清各建筑彩绘纹样及色彩的装饰特点,并从构图、纹样、色彩上呈现装饰彩绘的重构及焕新方式,发掘出当时山西地区独特的下五彩及一绿细画的特点,并同清代官式彩画作对比,找出二者之间的联系与区别,总结山西地区下五彩及一绿细画的特点,以及当时工匠对建筑彩绘的处理手法以及工艺水平的进步；除此之外,祠内三雕多以木雕、石雕为主,只做少量建筑装饰之用,而享堂内乐伎彩塑更是元代彩塑的孤例,从彩塑的颜色、衣着样式、演奏乐器等体现出当时元代宫廷的生活环境以及社会风气。基于唐叔虞祠的建筑艺术成就,以及所延伸出的其他各方面影响,对现代国内建筑设计与古建筑的保护有借鉴之用,引发我们现代的建筑设计、室内装饰、生活风尚等均有不同程度的启示与思考。
[Abstract]:The Jinci Temple, originally named Tang Shuyu Temple, was built in memory of Tang Shuyu, the king of Jin Dynasty. It is called the Jin Wang Temple, or Jinci Temple. Since the Song Dynasty rebuilt and increased the temple of the Virgin, the center of gravity of the sacrifice has gradually shifted to the Temple of the Virgin. The true Tang Shuyu Temple was rebuilt in the southwest of the Jinci Temple, northeast of the Blessed Virgin Hall, and has a history of nearly 800 years. The main hall in the shrine and the building of the mountain gate were built in the Yuan Dynasty. The architectural structure is exquisite and concise, and it is a typical representative of the buildings left over from the Yuan Dynasty. After the Qing Dynasty, the hedonic hall, the temple, the monument gallery and so on were added to form the existing scale, which is the second largest building in Jinci after the Blessed Hall. Based on its unique structure and decorative characteristics, this paper mainly from the space structure characteristics of each building, color painted pattern color, The space organization of the whole building is based on the central axis layout of the traditional building, the structure of the two hospitals, the symmetry of the east and west, and inherits the architectural structure of the Song Dynasty in the architectural structure. It also adopted the special methods of reducing columns and moving columns in the Yuan Dynasty, which made the structure of the temple more concise, in sharp contrast with the complicated architectural structure of the Ming and Qing dynasties, and reflected the new architectural structure form derived from the Mongolian rule at that time. In color painting decoration, inherited the decorative patterns formed in the Song Dynasty, and combined with the local decoration techniques at that time, combining theory with practice, the main hall, the mountain gate, the hedonic hall, the temple, the temple, The painting under the eaves of the main buildings, such as the monument gallery, is compared with the drawing and text, and the patterns and decorative characteristics of the colors in each building are sorted out, and the reconstruction and renewal of the decorative paintings are presented from the composition, pattern and color. Find out the unique features of the lower five colors and one green fine painting in Shanxi at that time, and compare them with the official color paintings of the Qing Dynasty, find out the connection and difference between the two, sum up the characteristics of the lower five colors and one green fine painting in Shanxi. And the craftsman's treatment of architectural painting at that time and the progress of the craftsmanship; in addition, the three carvings in the shrine were mainly wood and stone carvings, which were used only for a small amount of architectural decoration, and the colorful sculptures in the hedonic hall were an isolated example of colored sculptures in the Yuan Dynasty. The color, dress style and musical instruments of the colored sculptures reflect the living environment and social atmosphere of the court of the Yuan Dynasty at that time. Based on the artistic achievements of Tang Shuyu Temple, as well as other aspects of the influence extended by Tang Shuyu Temple, It can be used for reference for the protection of modern domestic architectural design and ancient architecture, which leads to the enlightenment and thinking of our modern architectural design, interior decoration, life style and so on.
【学位授予单位】：山西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU251

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