超轻保温装饰加气混凝土板的研制与表征

发布时间：2018-03-05 16:19

本文选题：加气混凝土　切入点：保温装饰　出处：《哈尔滨工业大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：集轻质、环保、隔音、隔热、可加工型性强等优点为一体的加气混凝土，可使建筑墙体达到高效节能和环保的目的。然而，目前加气混凝土的研制和生产多采用硫铝酸盐水泥、镁铝酸盐水泥等特种水泥做胶凝剂，，不但成本高，而且耐久性差、后期强度低；此外，加气混凝土在低干密度条件下，存在力学性能低、耐候性差、孔结构欠佳等问题，导致加气混凝土在建筑外墙上的应用受到限制。为此，本论文决定以改性的普通硅酸盐水泥为主要胶凝剂、反射氟碳漆为装饰涂料，在实验室制备低干密度（200kg/m3）、低导热系数（0.055W/(m·K)）、高装饰性和力学性能良好的保温装饰加气混凝土板为目标，主要从以下几个方面进行系统全面的研究。首先，研究碳酸锂、石膏对普通硅酸盐水泥早期强度的影响，分别测定碳酸锂及石膏用量对加气混凝土浆料性能影响，最终确定当碳酸锂掺量为2.1%，石膏掺量为6.7%时，可使加气混凝土浆料有较高的早期强度。在保证水料比为0.6的前提下，研究粉煤灰掺量、双氧水掺量、中空玻璃微珠掺量、稳泡剂掺量、聚羧酸减水剂掺量、聚丙烯纤维掺量对超轻加气混凝土保温性能和力学性能的影响，从而确定最佳原材料配比为：加气剂双氧水掺量7%、稳泡剂掺量0.48%、生石灰掺量16%、聚丙烯纤维掺量0.24%、聚羧酸减水剂掺量0.67%左右、中空玻璃微珠掺量20%。在此条件下研制的加气混凝土的主要性能指标为干密度200kg/m3,导热系数0.053W/(m·K)，抗压强度0.17MPa，抗折强度0.09MPa。其次，研制超轻加气混凝土饰面板，一方面采用反射氟碳漆做装饰涂料，不但增强了建筑体的美观性，也降低了外界的热负荷，使加气混凝土的保温性能再次提高；另一方面，因选用高强度无机硅酸钙板做饰面层基板，可有效提高加气混凝土板的力学性能，使复合后的保温装饰加气混凝土板的抗折强度提高到0.33MPa，抗压强度提高到0.19MPa。最后，研究了超轻加气混凝土的孔结构与其基本性能之间的关系，分析出优良性能加气混凝土的气孔结构特征；并从其气孔壁组成上研究超轻加气混凝土浆料的水化机理、中空玻璃微珠的微观作用机理和表面喷涂硅酸盐的微观作用机理。通过以上研究所得的结论对于研制生产保温装饰超轻加气混凝土复合板、提高建筑节能将具有显著地指导意义。
[Abstract]:The aerated concrete with the advantages of light weight, environmental protection, sound insulation, heat insulation and strong processability can make the building wall achieve the purpose of high efficiency, energy saving and environmental protection. However, at present, sulphoaluminate cement is used in the development and production of aerated concrete. When special cement such as magnesium aluminate cement is used as gelling agent, not only the cost is high, but also the durability is poor, and the later strength is low. In addition, under the condition of low dry density, the aerated concrete has some problems such as low mechanical properties, poor weathering resistance, poor pore structure, etc. As a result, the application of aerated concrete on the exterior wall of buildings is restricted. Therefore, the modified ordinary Portland cement is chosen as the main gelling agent, and the reflective fluorocarbon paint is used as the decorative coating. The preparation of low dry density 200kg / m ~ (3) C, low thermal conductivity (0.055 W / m 路K ~ (-1)), high decorative and good mechanical properties of air-filled concrete slabs with thermal insulation and good mechanical properties were studied systematically and comprehensively in the following aspects. First of all, the influence of lithium carbonate and gypsum on the early strength of ordinary Portland cement is studied. The effects of lithium carbonate and gypsum content on the properties of aerated concrete paste are determined, and it is determined that when the amount of lithium carbonate and gypsum is 2.1 and 6.7 respectively, The content of fly ash, hydrogen peroxide, hollow glass beads, foaming stabilizer and polycarboxylic acid water reducer were studied on the premise that the water / material ratio was 0.6, and the ratio of water to material was 0.6, the content of fly ash, hydrogen peroxide, hollow glass microbeads, foaming stabilizer and polycarboxylic acid water reducer were studied. Effect of polypropylene fiber content on thermal insulation and mechanical properties of ultra-light aerated concrete, Thus, the optimum raw material ratio is determined as follows: air reagents, hydrogen peroxide, foam stabilizer, quicklime, polypropylene fiber, polycarboxylic acid water reducer and polycarboxylic acid water reducer, respectively, 7%, 0.48%, 16%, 0.24 and 0.67%, respectively. Under these conditions, the main performance indexes of the aerated concrete are dry density 200kg / m ~ (3), thermal conductivity 0.053 W / m 路K ~ (-1), compressive strength 0.17 MPA and flexural strength 0.09 MPA. Secondly, the development of ultra-light aerated concrete decorative panel, on the one hand, the use of reflective fluorocarbon paint as decorative paint, not only enhance the beauty of the building, but also reduce the external heat load, so that the insulation performance of aerated concrete is improved again; On the other hand, the mechanical properties of aerated concrete slab can be improved effectively by using high strength inorganic calcium silicate board as the veneer substrate, and the flexural strength and compressive strength of the composite thermal insulation decorative aerated concrete slab can be increased to 0.33 MPA and 0.19 MPA respectively. Finally, the relationship between the pore structure and the basic properties of ultra-light aerated concrete is studied, and the pore structure characteristics of the fine performance aerated concrete are analyzed, and the hydration mechanism of the ultra-light aerated concrete paste is studied from its pore wall composition. The microcosmic action mechanism of hollow glass bead and the microcosmic action mechanism of surface sprayed silicate. The conclusions obtained from the above study will be of great significance for the development and production of ultra-light aerated concrete composite slabs with thermal insulation and decoration and the improvement of building energy conservation.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU528.2

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