鄂伦春、鄂温克、达斡尔族兽皮、兽骨装饰艺术研究

发布时间：2018-03-09 12:39

本文选题：内蒙古“三少”民族　切入点：兽皮和兽骨　出处：《内蒙古农业大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：生活在内蒙古东部大兴安岭林区的鄂伦春族、鄂温克族、达斡尔族简称内蒙古“三少”民族。由于自然环境和地理因素的影响，“三少”民族传统的生产、生活用品具有鲜明的山林文化、狩猎文化特征，长期的游猎生活形成了独特的兽皮、兽骨文化，，对于这三个仅有本民族特有的语言而没有本民族文字的民族来说，兽皮、兽骨技艺及制品是其民族文化的重要载体之一，是一部没有文字的史书。兽骨是早期兽皮制品天然的辅助材料，在猎民的生活、生产中兼具实用功能和装饰功能。“三少”民族的兽皮和兽骨文化反映出他们的社会生产力水平、科学技术水平、社会分工形态的发展脉络，也映射出他们的生活观、价值观、审美观、宗教观，是研究“三少”民族历史、民族文化的重要依据，具有很高的学术研究价值。经济利益的驱动以及生产、生活方式的巨大的改变，“三少”民族兽皮和兽骨制品实物的流失现象非常严重，制作技艺面临着失传的危险，同时，随着时代的进步，民族交融进一步加强，“三少”民族的文化出现了趋同现象。出于对“三少”民族各自特质文化的传承与保护目的，对“三少”民族的兽皮、兽骨文化的研究具有一定的现实意义。本文以兽皮和兽骨为载体，将文献资料研究法与田野调查研究法相结合，通过比较分析，对内蒙古“三少”民族兽皮、兽骨制品的生产技艺、造型特征及装饰手法进行了归纳、分析和比较。阐明了“三少”民族在不同的历史背景下，受到民族文化交融影响所形成的功能、材质、造型、工艺之美的审美特征。和崇尚“神力”，人与自然和谐、统一的审美意识。
[Abstract]:The Oroqun, Ewenki and Daur nationalities living in the Daxingan Mountains forest area in eastern Inner Mongolia are referred to as the "three little" nationalities of Inner Mongolia. Due to the influence of natural environment and geographical factors, the traditional production of the "three less" ethnic groups, The daily necessities have the distinct mountain forest culture, hunting culture characteristic, the long traveling life has formed the unique animal skin, the animal bone culture, for these three only own national unique language but does not have the own national script nationality, the animal skin, The art and products of animal bone are one of the important carriers of its national culture and a history book without writing. The animal bone is the natural auxiliary material of the early animal skin products, and it is the life of the hunters. The animal skin and animal bone culture of the "three little" nationalities reflect their level of social productivity, the level of science and technology, and the development of the social division of labor, and also reflect their outlook on life and values. Aesthetics and religious view are the important basis for the study of the history and culture of the "three little" nationalities, and are of great academic value. Driven by economic benefits and huge changes in production and lifestyle, the loss of animal skins and animal bone products from the "three fewer" ethnic groups is very serious, and the production skills are facing the danger of being lost. At the same time, with the progress of the times, The culture of the "three little" nationalities has been converged. For the purpose of inheriting and protecting the characteristic culture of the "three little" nationalities, the animal skins of the "three little" nationalities have been treated. The study of animal bone culture has certain practical significance. Based on animal skin and animal bone, this paper combines the literature research method with the field investigation method, through comparative analysis, the production techniques of the "three less" nationality animal skins and animal bone products in Inner Mongolia are discussed. The modeling features and decoration techniques are summarized, analyzed and compared. The functions, materials, modeling of the "three little" nationalities influenced by the blending of national culture under different historical background are expounded. Aesthetic characteristics of the beauty of craftsmanship and aesthetic consciousness of advocating "divine power", harmony and unity between man and nature.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：J525

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