内装修装饰材料热解与燃烧特性研究

发布时间：2018-03-23 15:57

  本文选题：内装饰材料　切入点：热解　出处：《安徽理工大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着内装修装饰材料的广泛使用,其火灾危险性日益突出。对内装修材料的热解与燃烧特性研究,可以初步掌握室内火灾的发生、发展与火势蔓延特点,同时也可以为材料的合理选用和建筑防火与控制提供理论指导,其意义重大。 本文在对所选装饰材料做了全面调查研究的前提下,设置不同实验工况条件,进行了热解实验和热动力学分析,并进一步对所选材料进行了建筑材料燃烧或分解的烟密度试验,综合考虑到了装饰材料的热解与燃烧特性。其研究结果对室内装饰材料的选取与防火方面有一定的指导意义。 首先,综述了国内外装修装饰材料的研究现状与其火灾危害性,根据我国目前日益严重的高层建筑火灾的形势,结合人们越来注重室内健康与安全性的迫切需求下,提出了本文的研究方法和研究内容。 其次选取地板、壁纸、地毯、棉布四大类为试验材料料,根据材质的不同,把各类材料又分为很多种,设置不同升温速率(10℃/min、15℃/min.20℃/min)分别进行热失重实验。利用excel、Origin软件进行TG、DTG、DSC曲线的分析。研究表明：绝大部分的装修装饰材料的热解过程分为三个反应阶段,主要的热解阶段是半纤维素和纤维素热解,其水分蒸发阶段与木质素热解所占比率较小；升温速率增大会使得反应向高温区推进,其对样品的开始热解的温度和热解温度范围影响比较明显；增加空气流速使得TG曲线向低温区移动,增大了材料的火灾危险性。同时,随着试样用量的增加,会使TG曲线向高温方向偏移。通过对常见的固体G(a)模型的对比研究,建立合适的装修装装饰材料的热解动力学模型,利用Coast-Redfern法,求解了热分析动力学参数活化能E和指前因子A。 最后,考虑到材料的发烟特性,对各类材料进行了燃烧或分解的烟密度试验,计算出了各种材料的最大烟密度(MSD)和烟密度等级(SDR),为材料的合理选取和防火方面提供了一个可以参考的技术参数。
[Abstract]:With the extensive use of interior decoration materials, the fire risk is becoming more and more prominent. The pyrolysis and combustion characteristics of interior decoration materials can be preliminarily grasped the characteristics of fire occurrence, development and fire spreading. It can also provide theoretical guidance for the rational selection of materials and building fire prevention and control, which is of great significance. In this paper, on the premise of comprehensive investigation and research on the selected decorative materials, the pyrolysis experiments and thermodynamics analysis are carried out under different operating conditions. Furthermore, the smoke density test of building materials for burning or decomposing is carried out, and the pyrolysis and combustion characteristics of decorative materials are considered synthetically. The results of the study have a certain guiding significance for the selection and fire prevention of interior decoration materials. First of all, the research status of decoration materials at home and abroad and its fire harmfulness are summarized. According to the situation of fire in high-rise buildings of our country, combined with the urgent demand of people to pay more and more attention to indoor health and safety, The research methods and contents of this paper are put forward. Secondly, the four categories of flooring, wallpaper, carpet and cotton cloth are selected as test materials. According to the different materials, all kinds of materials are divided into many kinds. The thermogravimetric experiments were carried out by setting 10 鈩，

本文编号：1654148