基于废弃真丝织物的装饰复合材料制备及性能研究

发布时间：2018-04-15 04:12

  本文选题：真丝织物 + PE膜　； 参考：《大连工业大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：目前天然纤维复合材料逐步引起了学术界和工业界的广泛关注,这是由于其本身的一些潜在特质,尤其是在环保方面。真丝纤维作为天然纤维的一种,制备的复合材料除了具有环保可降解等特点,还具有轻质和高应力应变性。同时真丝纤维表面含有-NH2,-COOH,-NHCO-,-CH2OH等极性基团,这使真丝纤维和聚合物基体结合形成良好的力学界面。国外通常以废弃真丝纤维制备的复合材料用于做生物材料、工程材料以及一些专属的轻质结构件,很少用于装饰材料。本文探讨的真丝织物/PE膜复合材料由层压法制备,主要用于装饰,具有易清洁、耐油污、强力高及绿色环保等优点。整个制备过程在真空条件下进行,摈弃了传统层压法易产生气泡、分层严重的现象,相比模压法制备简单快速,大大提高了生产效率。本文主要分析了真丝织物与PE膜复合材料的制备工艺与其性能之间关系。首先以真丝织物复合前后色差变化△E值为测试指标,将热压温度、热压压力、热压时间及复合材料的厚度4个因素进行正交试验分析,通过分析可知,各个工艺因素对色差变化影响的主次顺序为：复合材料的厚度热压温度热压时间热压压力,其中只有复合材料厚度为显著性因素,采用一元线性回归分析得出了复合材料厚度和色差值之间线性关系,回归方程为：Y=1.506+7.690X,并优化出复合材料最优厚度选为0.3mm。在厚度一定的情况下,采用响应面法分析对复合材料的各个力学性能进行分析得出：制备复合材料拉伸强力的最优工艺为：热压温度145.6℃、热压压力3.9 MPa和热压时间4.4 min,各工艺因素对拉伸强力影响的顺序为热压压力热压时间热压温度,‘热压温度、热压压力和热压时间之间几乎没有的交互作用；制备复合材料撕裂强力的最优工艺为：热压温度146.4℃、热压压力3.4 MPa和热压时间4.7 min,各工艺因素对撕裂强力影响的顺序为热压温度热压时间热压压力,热压温度、热压压力和热压时间之间有一定的交互作用,但作用不很明显；制备复合材料顶破强力最优工艺为：热压温度147.5℃、热压压力4.1MPa和热压时间5.7 min,各工艺因素对顶破强力影响的顺序为热压压力热压温度热压时间,热压温度、热压压力和热压时间之间有明显的交互作用。最后,根据各个因素的对复合材料力学性能的显著性不同,对复合材料的力学性能进行综合性分析,得出制备复合材料的最优工艺条件：热压温度为146.4℃,热压压力为3.9MPa,热压时间为4.7 min。本文对真丝织物的综合利用及装饰用复合材料制作提供一定参考作用。
[Abstract]:At present, natural fiber composites have attracted more and more attention in academia and industry, which is due to its own potential characteristics, especially in the field of environmental protection.Silk fiber is a kind of natural fiber. The composite material not only has the characteristics of environmental protection and degradability, but also has the characteristics of light weight and high stress denaturation.At the same time, the surface of silk fiber contains polar groups such as -NH _ 2H _ 2-COOH _ (-COOH) -NH _ CO _ (-C) -CH _ 2O _ H, which makes the silk fiber and polymer matrix combine to form a good mechanical interface.Abroad, composite materials made of waste silk fibers are used as biomaterials, engineering materials and some special lightweight structures, but rarely used as decorative materials.The silk fabric / PE film composite prepared by lamination is mainly used for decoration. It has the advantages of easy cleaning, oil resistance, high strength and green environmental protection.The whole preparation process was carried out in vacuum condition, which abandoned the phenomenon that the traditional lamination method was easy to produce bubbles and the stratification was serious. Compared with the molding method, the preparation process was simpler and faster, and the production efficiency was greatly improved.In this paper, the relationship between the preparation process and properties of real silk fabric and PE film composites is analyzed.In this paper, the color difference of silk fabric before and after recombination is taken as the test index. The factors of hot pressing temperature, hot pressing pressure, hot pressing time and the thickness of composite material are analyzed by orthogonal test.The main and secondary order of the influence of each technological factor on the color difference is as follows: the thickness of the composite material is hot pressed, the temperature and the time of the hot pressing pressure, among which the thickness of the composite material is the significant factor.The linear relationship between the thickness of composite material and the value of color difference was obtained by linear regression analysis. The regression equation was: 1. 506 7.690X. and the optimum thickness of composite material was chosen as 0.3mm.Under the condition of constant thickness, the mechanical properties of the composites were analyzed by response surface method. The results showed that the optimum process for preparing the tensile strength of the composites was as follows: the hot pressing temperature was 145.6 鈩，

本文编号：1752460