环境实验舱法研究湿式装饰材料污染散发特性及影响因素

发布时间：2018-04-21 01:01

本文选题：室内污染物 + 挥发性有机物　；参考：《天津大学》2007年硕士论文

【摘要】： 人体每时每刻都在进行呼吸,空气质量的好坏直接影响着人体的健康。城市居民大概有多达80%以上的时间是在室内环境中度过的,因而室内空气质量对城市居民的健康尤为重要。近年来,随着经济的发展,城市出现了大规模的装修热,装饰热,引起的室内污染物问题也日益突出。90年代以来中国建材和装修业迅猛发展,大量装饰材料被用于室内装修,而且对建筑物装饰装修的要求也越来越高,而这些建筑装修材料正是散发室内污染物的主要来源。加之20世纪70年代能源危机后,为了节约能源,现代建筑物密闭化程度增加,经常由于中央空调换气设施不完善,致使室内污染物不能及时排出室外,造成室内空气质量的恶化。综上两个主要原因,目前国内外已将室内空气品质Indoor Air Quality (IAQ)问题作为当前建筑环境领域内一个热点问题。并开始以总挥发性有机化合物作为指示指标进行研究。本文全面介绍了室内污染的种类,来源及其对人体产生的危害。比较系统的介绍了几种主要污染物常用的检测方法及分析方法。介绍了挥发性有机物的释放机理,并讨论了室内温度,相对湿度,换气次数等主要影响因素,以期对控制室内污染物具有指导意义。本论文采用环境实验舱法研究了室内装饰装修材料引起的主要污染物的散发规律。通过设计正交试验,以室内装修中常用的调和漆为研究对象,通过试验数据用非线性回归的方法,根据苯、甲苯和二甲苯的释放模式拟合得出了了几种实验条件下调和漆中苯系物的初始释放速率及释放速率衰减常数,研究了湿式材料的散发特点及其与其影响因素之间的关系及其关联程度。并且针对一些现实装修情况提出了一些建议。
[Abstract]:The human body is breathing all the time, and the quality of the air directly affects the health of the human body. As many as 80% of the time is spent in indoor environment, so indoor air quality is especially important to the health of urban residents. In recent years, with the development of economy, large scale decoration heat and decoration heat have appeared in cities. The indoor pollutant problem has also become increasingly prominent since the 1990s in China, and a large number of decorative materials have been used in interior decoration. Moreover, the requirements for decoration and decoration of buildings are becoming higher and higher, and these building decoration materials are the main source of indoor pollutants. In addition, after the energy crisis of the 1970s, in order to save energy, the degree of sealing of modern buildings increased, and often because of the imperfect air exchange facilities of central air conditioning, indoor pollutants could not be discharged outdoors in time. The deterioration of indoor air quality. For the above two main reasons, Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) has been regarded as a hot issue in the field of building environment at home and abroad. The total volatile organic compounds (TVOCs) were used as indicator. The types, sources and harm to human body of indoor pollution are introduced in this paper. Several common detection methods and analysis methods of main pollutants are introduced systematically. The release mechanism of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) was introduced, and the main influencing factors such as indoor temperature, relative humidity and air exchange times were discussed in order to guide the control of indoor pollutants. In this paper, the distribution of main pollutants caused by interior decoration materials was studied by the method of environmental experimental cabin. Through the design of orthogonal test, the common mixed lacquer used in interior decoration was studied. By the method of nonlinear regression, according to the experimental data, The release modes of toluene and xylene were fitted to obtain the initial release rate and the decay constant of the release rate of benzene series in the paint under the down-regulation of several experimental conditions. The distribution characteristics of wet materials and their relationship with its influencing factors and their correlation degree were studied. And in view of some realistic decoration situation put forward some suggestions.
【学位授予单位】：天津大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：X51

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