明清家具装饰形式流变初探

发布时间：2018-05-07 11:24

本文选题：明清家具 + 装饰形式　；参考：《东北林业大学》2008年硕士论文

【摘要】： 本文通过对明清两代家具装饰形式的发展变化,揭示出从明代到清代家具装饰流变的实质,为了更好地认识明清家具从鼎盛走向衰亡的原因,分析当时社会政治、经济和文化的因素等对明清家具装饰形式流变的影响,这些对于从深层次研究古家具开辟了新的视角,同时对于传承古家具装饰形式以及当今仿古家具具有十分重要的作用。本文以明清椅凳类和桌案类家具为研究对象,主要围绕椅凳类和桌案类家具线脚、雕刻和镶嵌装饰的变化,分析其发展变化的内因和外因的影响,揭示其发展演变的规律并深刻总结出家具装饰流变的实质。明清家具的线脚装饰流变研究中,主要研究各个时期椅凳类和桌案类的搭脑、腿足、角牙、边抹等装饰线条变化。采用实物、图片对比以及分析和综合法对其研究。通过研究得出其变化是:搭脑线脚装饰主要变化是由直线条发展到曲线条再到直线与曲线并用的特点;腿足线脚装饰主要变化是由直腿足,圆截面发展到弯腿足,圆方混用截面再到方腿足,多截面;角牙线脚装饰主要变化由无装饰发展到装饰简洁、素雅再到繁琐;边抹线脚装饰主要变化是由质朴到圆熟、柔韧再到生硬、平直。在雕刻装饰部分流变研究中,主要研究明到清各时期家具椅凳类和桌案类的靠背、腿足、牙子、牙板、结子等部分,采用实物图片的对比以及归纳法深入的研究。并得出主要变化:靠背雕刻装饰由无雕刻发展到点缀、小面积再到满、实、大面积;腿足雕刻装饰变化是由少雕刻发展到适度再到满雕刻,图案变化是由简入繁,并西化:牙子、牙板雕刻装饰由少雕刻发展到适度再到满雕刻,图案以自然物演变为写实为主;结子雕刻由单一化发展到后期多种式样。镶嵌装饰部分主要采用资料收集和例证法围绕明初到清中后期椅凳类、桌案类家具镶嵌的材料和手法进行研究。并得出明时期镶嵌材料所选用的镶嵌材料以大理石为主,昂贵的材料很少使用,镶嵌基材多是浅色调,并且手法简单,发展到了清中后期,家具镶嵌材料多样化,嵌料奢侈化,镶嵌基材多是深色调,并且手法多样化。本论文的研究集中在明到清时期家具装饰形式中线脚、雕刻、镶嵌三方面的发展演变上,对现代仿制古典家具的装饰上的继承和传承起到认识和借鉴作用。
[Abstract]:Through the development and change of furniture decoration form of Ming and Qing dynasties, this paper reveals the essence of furniture decoration from Ming Dynasty to Qing Dynasty. In order to better understand the reason why Ming and Qing dynasty furniture from its peak to decline, it analyzes the social politics of that time. The influence of economic and cultural factors on the evolution of furniture decoration form in Ming and Qing dynasties has opened up a new angle of view for the deep study of ancient furniture, at the same time, it plays a very important role in inheriting the decoration form of ancient furniture and imitating ancient furniture today. This paper takes the furniture of chairs and benches and table cases in Ming and Qing dynasties as the research object. It mainly focuses on the changes of wire foot, engraving and inlay decoration of chairs, benches and table cases, and analyzes the internal and external causes of their development and changes. Reveal its development and evolution of the law and a profound summary of the essence of furniture decoration rheology. In the study on the rheology of furniture decoration in Ming and Qing dynasties, it mainly studies the changes of decorative lines of chairs, stools and table cases in various periods, such as brain-building, leg-foot, angle-tooth, edge-wiping and so on. The object, picture contrast, analysis and synthesis method were used to study it. It is found that the main changes in the decoration of the legs are: the main changes from straight lines to straight lines and then to the use of straight lines and curves, and the main changes of leg foot decoration are from straight legs, circular sections to curved legs. Circle square mixed cross section to square leg foot, multi-section; the main change of angle floss decoration from no decoration to decoration simple, simple and elegant to red tape; the main change of edge wiping line foot decoration is from simple to round mature, flexible to stiff, straight. In the research of the rheology of carving and decoration, this paper mainly studies the backrest, legs, teeth, dental plate, knot and so on of furniture, chairs, stools and table cases in Ming and Qing dynasties. And get the main changes: the backrest engraving decoration from no carving to embellishment, small area to full, solid, large area; leg and foot engraving decoration change from less carving to moderate to full carving, pattern change is from simple into complex, And westernization: tooth, dental plate engraving decoration from less carving to moderate to full carving, the pattern evolved from natural objects to realistic, knot carving from the single to a variety of later patterns. The mosaics and decoration part mainly uses the data collection and the example method to study the material and the technique of the furniture mosaic from the early Ming Dynasty to the middle and late Qing Dynasty. It is concluded that the inlay materials used in Ming Dynasty are mainly marble, the expensive materials are seldom used, the inlay substrates are mostly light tonal, and the technique is simple, which developed to the middle and late Qing Dynasty, the furniture inlay materials were diversified, and the inlay materials were extravagant. The inlay base material is mostly dark tone, and the technique is diverse. The research of this paper focuses on the development and evolution of furniture decoration form from Ming to Qing Dynasty in three aspects: midline foot, carving and mosaic, which can be used as a reference for the inheritance and inheritance of modern imitation classical furniture decoration.
【学位授予单位】：东北林业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：J525.3

【引证文献】