双组份阻燃脲醛树脂胶的研制及应用

发布时间：2018-05-08 11:25

  本文选题：新型复合磷-氮协同阻燃剂 + 阻燃脲醛树脂胶粘剂　； 参考：《东华大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：胶合板作为我国家具、室内装饰的主要材料，其产量和需求量都在急剧增长，但易燃性致命的弱点限制了它在许多领域的应用。对于现有的胶合板阻燃处理技术也存在一些问题，如：1）阻燃处理工艺复杂；2）阻燃剂显著影响胶粘剂的胶合性能；3）阻燃剂易析出流失而丧失阻燃效果。因此，综合性能良好的阻燃胶合板是目前胶合板阻燃研究领域的重点关注的问题之一。 本文首先合成了新型复合磷-氮协同阻燃剂，并对其合成工艺进行了探讨和研究。在此基础上，将新型复合磷-氮协同阻燃剂与改性脲醛树脂胶粘剂机械混合制备了阻燃脲醛树脂胶粘剂，重点研究了阻燃脲醛树脂胶粘剂的理化性能、胶合性能和阻燃性能，得出以下结论： （1）理化性能研究表明：阻燃脲醛树脂胶粘剂表现出良好的理化性能，随着阻燃剂添加量的增加，阻燃脲醛树脂胶粘剂的粘度随时间的增加呈上升趋势，，pH值呈现下降趋势，固化时间和适用期呈现缩短趋势，适用期大于6h，固含量和制备的阻燃胶合板含水率基本保持不变。 （2）胶合性能研究表明：通过检测阻燃脲醛树脂胶粘剂的浸渍剥离性和胶合性能实验发现，阻燃剂和固化剂添加量影响胶粘剂的胶合强度。在实验范围内，当阻燃剂添加量为8%，固化剂氯化铵为0.2%，此时阻燃脲醛树脂胶粘剂的胶合强度最高为1.31MPa，浸渍剥离合格率100%，均达到国家标准GB/T9846.3-2004《胶合板普通胶合板通用技术条件》的II类（≥0.7MPa）要求。 （3）阻燃性能研究表明：阻燃脲醛树脂胶粘剂具有良好的阻燃能力。通过差热重量分析（TG）和电镜扫描（SEM）方式评价阻燃机理，发现阻燃脲醛树脂胶粘剂能显著降低木材热解的失重速度，使热解失重过程延长；同时降低木材的热解起始温度，使热解途径向着有利于生成炭和不燃物质方向转变，阻燃剂同时在凝聚相和气相起到了阻燃作用，阻燃效果良好，显现出对木材阻燃保护的功能。 本文还研究了阻燃脲醛树脂胶粘剂用于开发阻燃实木复合地板及其制备技术，重点探讨了阻燃实木复合地板阻燃性能和甲醛释放量，得出结论如下： （1）甲醛释放量研究表明：按照国家标准GBl8580-2001《室内装饰装修材料人造板及其制品中甲醛释放限量》和GB/T17659-1999《人造板及饰面人造板理化性能试验方法标准》检测阻燃实木复合地板的甲醛释放量为0.2mg/L，达到国家E0级标准（≤0.5mg/L）。 （2）阻燃性能研究表明：表面阻燃层具有显著抵挡外部热源向内辐射的能力，对实木复合地板具有良好的阻燃防护作用。按照GB20286-2006《公共场所阻燃制品及组件燃烧性能要求和标识》方法检测其燃烧等级为B1级。 所有的试验结果表明阻燃脲醛树脂胶粘剂制备技术满足工业化生产要求，实际应用性能良好，具有工业化生产可行性。
[Abstract]:Plywood, as the main material of furniture and interior decoration in China, its output and demand are increasing rapidly, but the fatal weakness of flammability limits its application in many fields. There are also some problems in the existing plywood flame retardant treatment technology, such as: 1) the flame retardant treatment process is complex, and the flame retardant significantly affects the adhesive's adhesive properties. 3) the flame retardant is easy to precipitate and lose the flame retardant effect. Therefore, flame-retardant plywood with good comprehensive properties is one of the most important issues in the field of plywood fire retardant research. In this paper, a new composite phosphorus-nitrogen synergistic flame retardant was synthesized, and its synthetic process was studied. On this basis, a new type of composite phosphorus-nitrogen synergistic flame retardant and modified urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive were mechanically mixed to prepare the flame retardant urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive. The physical and chemical properties, adhesive properties and flame retardant properties of the flame retardant urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive were studied. Draw the following conclusions: 1) the physicochemical properties of the flame retardant UF resin adhesive showed good physical and chemical properties. With the increase of the amount of flame retardant, the viscosity of the flame retardant UF resin adhesive increased with the increase of time, and the pH value of the flame retardant UF resin adhesive decreased. The curing time and the suitable period showed the tendency of shortening, the suitable period was more than 6 h, the solid content and the moisture content of the prepared flame retardant plywood remained basically unchanged. The results showed that the adhesive strength was influenced by the amount of flame retardant and curing agent. Within the scope of the experiment, When the amount of flame retardant is 8 and the curing agent ammonium chloride is 0.2, the bonding strength of the flame retardant UF resin adhesive is 1.31 MPa, and the qualified rate of impregnation and peeling is 100. All of them meet the requirements of class II (鈮

本文编号：1861202