家具烫蜡技术与装饰的研究

发布时间：2018-05-20 10:34

本文选题：家具装饰 + 烫蜡技术　；参考：《东北林业大学》2008年硕士论文

【摘要】： 本文主要研究了家具烫蜡技术及其装饰效果两方面内容。烫蜡技术是中国传统硬木家具表面处理的一种方法,从明清时期,主要以师徒相授的方式传承下来,较少有文字记载,对它的研究则更少。深入研究烫蜡技术,有利于提高现代生产实践中的合理性,对工艺各步骤技术要求的规定,为工人掌握技术本身和质检人员进行产品检验提供了方便条件;通过烫蜡和透明涂饰装饰效果的比较研究,可以让我们充分了解烫蜡的装饰特点,从而在实际中能更好的运用它。在烫蜡技术研究中,主要针对粗磨砂纸粒度号、水磨水温、干磨砂纸粒度号、烫蜡量、起蜡时间、烘烤温度等六个对烫蜡技术影响较大的因素,采用正交试验,通过测定表面粗糙度、光泽度、木材纹理明显性、耐磨性和拒水性五个检测指标,经过综合分析,确定了优化工艺,并通过试验对分析结果进行了验证。在装饰效果研究中,通过比较烫蜡和透明涂饰的视觉物理量、视觉心理量和触觉心理量,深入讨论烫蜡的装饰效果及适用范围。研究表明,在表面处理工序,粗磨砂纸粒度号对表面粗糙度有显著影响,干磨砂纸粒度号对光泽度有显著影响;在烫蜡工序中,烫蜡量对表面粗糙度和光泽度均有显著影响,而烫蜡量、起蜡时间、烘烤温度对木材纹理明显性、耐磨性、拒水性均没有显著影响。此外,基材研磨能使表面粗糙度降低5倍左右,基本达到烫蜡要求;烫蜡能有效提高光泽度,增幅在20～60倍左右,使木材显现如丝缎般的光泽;烫蜡能使基材纹理由细变粗、由弱变强,一些弱纹理或隐纹理经烫蜡处理后能够被显现出来;经过烫蜡处理,基材表面的拒水性明显提高,在一定程度上能抵抗外界环境干湿变化的不利作用。烫蜡比透明涂饰更能保留木材原有的色调,并在一定程度上使这种色调更鲜明,进一步突显木材的材质美和纹理美;烫蜡后木材表面光泽度的变化与亚光透明涂饰比较接近,显现的光泽柔和,不具有高光泽的特征;烫蜡对木材纹理效果增强的能力略低于亮光透明涂饰,远大于亚光透明涂饰;木材经过烫蜡处理后,能够获得温暖、柔和、清雅、自然的视觉心理感受,但缺乏明快感和豪华感;同样能够获得温暖、柔和、细致的触感,并有效避免了粘滞、冷硬、塑感、粗糙等不舒服的触感,在一定程度上能获得触摸的快感,但给人的爽滑感不够。
[Abstract]:This paper mainly studies two aspects of furniture wax ironing technology and decoration effect. Wax ironing technology is a method of surface treatment of traditional hardwood furniture in China. From the Ming and Qing dynasties, it was passed down mainly in the form of teacher and apprentice, with less written records and less research on it. Further research on wax ironing technology is helpful to improve the rationality of modern production practice, and to provide convenient conditions for workers to master the technology itself and to carry out product inspection by quality inspectors. Through the comparative study of the decorative effects of wax ironing and transparent finishing, we can fully understand the decorative characteristics of hot wax, so that we can better use it in practice. In the research of wax ironing technology, the orthogonal test was used to study the six factors which have great influence on the technology of ironing wax, such as grain size number of coarse grinding sand paper, water temperature of water grinding, grain size number of dry abrasive paper, amount of wax ironing, time of wax removal and baking temperature. By measuring the surface roughness, gloss, wood texture, abrasion resistance and water repellency, the optimized technology was determined through comprehensive analysis, and the results were verified by experiments. In the study of decorative effect, the decorative effect and application range of hot wax were discussed by comparing the visual physical quantity, visual psychological quantity and tactile psychological quantity of wax ironing and transparent coating. The results show that in the surface treatment process, the size number of coarse abrasive paper has a significant effect on the surface roughness, the size number of dry abrasive paper has a significant effect on the glossiness, and the amount of wax ironing has a significant effect on the surface roughness and glossiness in the wax ironing process. However, the amount of wax ironing, waxing time and baking temperature had no significant effects on wood texture, abrasion resistance and water repellency. In addition, the grinding of the substrate can reduce the surface roughness by about 5 times, basically meeting the requirements of wax ironing; ironing can effectively improve the gloss by about 20 ~ 60 times, making the wood appear like silk gloss; ironing wax can change the texture of the substrate from fine to coarse. From weak to strong, some weak textures or hidden textures can be shown after hot wax treatment, and the surface water repellency of the substrate is obviously improved after the wax ironing treatment, which can resist the adverse effect of the outside environment to a certain extent. Wax ironing can retain the original tone of wood more than transparent coating, and to a certain extent make this tone more distinct, further highlight the beauty of wood material and texture; the change of glossiness of wood surface after burning wax is close to that of translucent finish. The luster is soft and does not have the characteristics of high gloss; the ability of burning wax to enhance the effect of wood texture is slightly lower than that of bright transparent finish, which is much larger than that of subgloss transparent coating; the wood can be warm, soft and elegant after hot wax treatment. Natural visual psychological feelings, but lack of pleasure and luxury; also can obtain warm, soft, meticulous touch, and effectively avoid sticky, cold, hard, plastic, rough and other uncomfortable touch, To some extent can get the touch of pleasure, but not enough to give a smooth feeling.
【学位授予单位】：东北林业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：J525.3

【引证文献】